↑ Moynihan, Colin. "FYI" 2020年4月17日にWayback Machineにアーカイブ済み、 The New York Times、1999年9月19日。2019年12月17日に取得。「4つの区の住民には、マンハッタン人、ブルックリン人、ブロンクス人、スタテンアイランド人というよく知られた呼び名があります。では、クイーンズの住民は何と呼ばれているのでしょうか?」
↑ Juet, Robert (2006) [1625]. "Juet's Journal of Hudson's 1609 Voyage, from the 1625 Edition of Purchas His Pilgrimes " . The New York Times . 翻訳: Brea Barthel. p. 16. 2016年7月3日のオリジナルからアーカイブ済み。 2020年5月11日取得。
↑ Historic New York ( 2023年12月24日、Wayback Machine、 American Experienceにアーカイブ)。2023年12月24日取得。「しかし、ニューヨークの莫大な独立戦争負債により、連邦政府は破産の瀬戸際に立たされていたため、アレクサンダー・ハミルトンはトーマス・ジェファーソンと重大な取引を成立させた…。アレクサンダー・ハミルトンの並外れた初期のビジョンは、彼が移住した都市だけでなく、アメリカ合衆国全体の経済的未来を創造するのに役立った。国は90%が農業国であったが、ハミルトンは未来は製造業にあることを理解していた。1789年にニューヨーク市で初代財務長官として、彼は新しいタイプの国家の青写真を描いた。それは、プランテーションと奴隷労働ではなく、商業、製造業、そして移民の労働に基づいた国家であった。」
↑ダンラップ、デイビッド W. 「ニューヨークの下院議席が27議席だったのはいつ以来か? 当時は都市が成長していた」、 2014年9月24日にウェイバックマシンにアーカイブ済み。ニューヨーク・タイムズ、2010年12月1日。2023年12月24日取得。「しかし、イギリスとの戦争がますます避けられないように思われたにもかかわらず、ニューヨークは1810年の大半を、騒々しく自信に満ちて、アメリカの大都市へと発展していった。まさに私が思い描いていた通りのニューヨークだった。この年、ニューヨークは人口でフィラデルフィアを上回り、若い共和国最大の都市となり、人口は96,373人に達した。そのうち94,687人が自由民で、1,686人が奴隷だった。」
↑ 「Sachems & Sinners An Informal History Of Tammany Hall」 . Time . 1955年8月22日。フィラデルフィア生まれのウッドは俳優になるためにニューヨークへ行ったが、代わりに政治の世界に転身し、タマニーホールの最初の真のボスにまで上り詰めた。1854年にはニューヨーク市長に就任した。
↑「ニュージャージー州民の自由の女神像所有権主張 I. 却下」2019年3月28日、ウェイバックマシンにアーカイブ、ニューヨーク・タイムズ、1987年10月6日。2009年6月30日取得。「最高裁判所は本日、自由の女神像のニューヨーク州民としての地位を剥奪することを拒否した。裁判所は、コメントなしに、ニュージャージー州民2人が同州の管轄権を主張した動きを退けた。」
↑ Barr, Jason M.「なぜニューヨークはもう世界一高いビルを建設しないのか?」Wayback Machineに2023年12月4日にアーカイブ済み、Building the Skyline、2020年12月23日。2023年12月4日に取得。「第2世代は第一次世界大戦前の20世紀です。この世代には、シンガービル(1908年、674フィート、205メートル、41階建て)、メトロポリタンライフタワー(1909年、700フィート、210メートル、50階建て)、ウールワースビル(1913年、792フィート、241メートル、55階建て)などが含まれます。...左から右へ:バンク・オブ・マンハッタンビル(1930年)、クライスラービル(1930年)、エンパイアステートビル(1931年)。」
↑セント・ビンセント病院マンハッタン2023年12月3日、ウェイバックマシンにアーカイブ済み、NYC LGBT 歴史的建造物プロジェクト。2023年12月3日取得。「エイズの原因ウイルスであるHIVが1983年に初めて特定された頃には、セント・ビンセント病院はニューヨーク市におけるエイズ流行の中心地となり、救急室、廊下、ベッドは患者で溢れかえっていた。」
↑ジェフリー・フェイガン、フランクリン・E・ジムリング、ジューン・キム。「ニューヨーク市における殺人事件の減少:2つの傾向の物語」2023年12月3日にウェイバックマシンにアーカイブ済み、 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology、1998年夏号。2023年12月3日に取得。「マンハッタンとブロンクスでは1990年にピークを迎えたが、ブルックリンとクイーンズでは1991年に最高値となった。それでも、1980年代後半から1990年代前半にかけての時系列パターンは、各区でほぼ一貫していた。」
↑ Montesano v New York City Hous. Auth. 2024年1月8日、Wayback Machine 、Justiaにアーカイブ済み(2008年3月19日まで修正済み)。2024年1月8日取得。「ボイド判決から10週間も経たないうちに、議会は、マーブルヒルをマンハッタン区とニューヨーク郡の両方に『あらゆる目的のために』含めることで、この点に関してマンハッタン区とニューヨーク郡が隣接していることを疑う余地なくした(1984年法律第939号)。現在、ニューヨーク市の公式地図には、マーブルヒルがニューヨーク郡にあると記載されている。」
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↑Cohen, Joyce. "If You're Thinking of Living In/Nolita; A Slice of Little Italy Moving Upscale"Archived April 2, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, May 17, 1998. Retrieved November 30, 2023. "No one is quite certain what to call this part of town. Nolita—north of Little Italy, that is—certainly pinpoints it geographically. The not-quite-acronym was apparently coined several years ago by real-estate brokers seeking to give the area at least a little cachet."
↑Louie, Elaine. "The Trendy Discover NoMad Land, and Move In"Archived March 28, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, August 5, 1999. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
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↑David, Greg. "Tourists Are Back to NYC in Big Numbers"Archived December 29, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, The City, September 5, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024. "But the city will not surpass its 2019 record of 66.6 million visitors because once-numerous travelers from China remain few and far between and Americans are flocking to Europe in unprecedented numbers.... Still, the numbers show a rebound with the official forecast from the tourism agency NYC & Co. still predicting 63.3 million visitors this year, up 12% from last year."
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↑Coscarelli, Joe. "For Hip-Hop Radio and Its Voices, Change Is on the Air"Archived February 4, 2024, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, February 13, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2024. "But with the loss of so much institutional memory, including D.J.s and hosts who had witnessed the birth of hip-hop, the station risks slipping from its perch as the nation's premier regional and hard-boiled rap outlet, current and former employees said in interviews."
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↑Miller, Stephen (2016). Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole. Fordham University Press. pp.46, 50, 131. ISBN978-0-8232-7425-3. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
↑Weber, Bruce. "Critic's Notebook: Theater's Promise? Look Off Broadway"Archived July 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, July 2, 2003. Retrieved May 29, 2007. "It's also true that what constitutes Broadway is easy to delineate; it's a universe of 39 specified theaters, which all have at least 500 seats. Off-Broadway is generally considered to comprise theaters from 99 to 499 seats (anything less is thought of as Off Off), which ostensibly determines the union contracts for actors, directors, and press agents."
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12"Revelers Take To The Streets For 48th Annual NYC Pride March". CBS New York. June 25, 2017. Archived from the original on June 28, 2017. Retrieved June 26, 2017. A sea of rainbows took over the Big Apple for the biggest pride parade in the world Sunday.
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↑Ozanian, Mike. "Dolan's MSG Sports Says It's Open To Selling Stakes In The Knicks Or Rangers"Archived December 28, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, Forbes, February 7, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023. "The Knicks and Rangers play in Madison Square Garden, which is owned by publicly traded MSG Entertainment, also run by Dolan."
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↑Drebinger, John. "The Polo Grounds, 1889–1964: A Lifetime of Memories; Ball Park in Harlem Was Scene of Many Sports Thrills"Archived December 28, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, January 5, 1964. Retrieved December 28, 2023. "With this move, the Mets committed themselves, come hell or high water right out of Flushing Bay, to open their 1964 National League season next April in Shea Stadium, their new home in Flushing Meadow. At the same time, the City Housing Authority announced it meant to lose no time putting into operation its housing development that is to go up on the site now occupied by the Polo Grounds."
↑Arnold, Martin. "Ah, Polo Grounds, The Game is Over; Wreckers Begin Demolition for Housing Project", The New York Times, April 11, 1964. Retrieved December 28, 2023. "Thus began the demolition of the Polo Grounds yesterday.... After demolition is completed, the site will be used for a $30 million low‐rent, public housing project. In the project, 1,614 families will live in four 30-story buildings, will attend schooI and will use the project's children center, play area, community center and child welfare station."
↑History of the National Invitation TournamentArchived June 29, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, National Invitation Tournament. Retrieved May 8, 2007. "Tradition. The NIT is steeped in it. The nation's oldest postseason collegiate basketball tournament was founded in 1938."
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↑Grogan, Jennifer. Election 2004—Rise in Registration Promises Record Turnout, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. Retrieved April 25, 2007. "According to the board's statistics for the total number of registered voters as of the October 22 deadline, there were 1.1million registered voters in Manhattan, of which 727,071 were Democrats and 132,294 were Republicans, which is a 26.7 percent increase from the 2000 election, when there were 876,120 registered voters."
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↑Al CaponeArchived May 12, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Chicago History Museum. Retrieved May 16, 2007. "Capone was born on January 17, 1899, in Brooklyn, New York.... He became part of the notorious Five Points gang in Manhattan and worked in gangster Frankie Yale's Brooklyn dive, the Harvard Inn, as a bouncer and bartender."
12Jaffe, Eric. "Talking to the Feds: The chief of the FBI's organized crime unit on the history of La Cosa Nostra"Archived November 29, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, Smithsonian, April 2007. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
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↑Southall, Ashley. "Crime in New York City Plunges to a Level Not Seen Since the 1950s", The New York Times, December 27, 2017. Retrieved August 6, 2023. "It would have seemed unbelievable in 1990, when there were 2,245 killings in New York City, but as of Wednesday there have been just 286 in the city this year — the lowest since reliable records have been kept.... If the trend holds just a few more days, this year's homicide total will be under the city's previous low of 333 in 2014, and crime will have declined for 27 straight years, to levels that police officials have said are the lowest since the 1950s."
↑Dale, Daniel. "Fact check: Here's the truth about crime in Manhattan", CNN, April 17, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2024. "New York City publishes crime statistics on its website, so the truth is easy to find. In 1990, when the city set its all-time record for total murders, there were 503 recorded murders in Manhattan, which is one of the city's five boroughs. In 2022, Manhattan recorded 78 murders – a decline of about 84% from 1990."
↑Marcius, Chelsia Rose; and Shanhan, Ed. "Major Crimes Rose 22 Percent in New York City, Even as Shootings Fell", The New York Times, January 5, 2023. Retrieved August 6, 2023. "The declines in murders and shootings last year appeared to be in line with similar drops in other U.S. cities, which, like New York, experienced a surge in such crimes in 2020 and 2021 amid the worst of the pandemic, criminal justice experts said.... Mr. Herrmann also noted that, based on his own analysis of Police Department data, the decline in shootings had yet to be felt in some neighborhoods long plagued by gun violence, including Brownsville and Bushwick in Brooklyn; Central Harlem and Inwood in Manhattan; and East Concourse and Claremont in the Bronx."
↑Meko, Hurubie. "Shootings in New York Drop by a Quarter as Surge of Violence Eases; Murders and rapes were also down, part of a nationwide trend after a post-pandemic spike.", The New York Times, July 6, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2024. "Shootings in New York City dropped by about 25 percent through the first half of this year compared with the same period last year, extending a downward trend after a spike in violent crime during the pandemic. The sharp drop, which mirrored similar decreases across the United States, came amid widespread fears about crime in the city, which officials have blamed for keeping workers and suburbanites cloistered in their homes."
↑Marcello, Philip. "Fact Focus: NYC crime is not worst ever, despite claims", Associated Press, April 18, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2024.""CLAIM: Crime in New York City is the worst it's ever been, especially in the borough of Manhattan where Trump faces criminal charges. THE FACTS: While it's true that major crimes in New York City rose last year compared to 2021, criminal justice experts say crime levels were significantly higher three decades ago, and that the current levels are more comparable to where New York was a decade ago, when people frequently lauded it as America's safest big city.... 'Virtually every major crime category is lower in Manhattan now than it was last year,' he wrote."
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↑Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; Wolfe, Jonathan (January 1, 2017). "Second Avenue Subway Opening: What to Know". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 1, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
↑Lee, Jennifer 8. "Midair Rescue Lifts Passengers From Stranded East River Tram"Archived January 2, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, April 19, 2006. Retrieved February 28, 2008. "The system, which calls itself the only aerial commuter tram in the country, has been featured in movies including City Slickers, starring Billy Crystal; Nighthawks, with Sylvester Stallone; and Spider-Man in 2002."
↑Facts About the FerryArchived December 25, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, New York City Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 28, 2012. "On a typical weekday, five boats make 109 trips, carrying approximately 65,000 passengers. During rush hours, the ferry runs on a four-boat schedule, with 15 minutes between departures."
↑An Assessment of Staten Island Ferry Service and Recommendations for Improvement (PDF), New York City Council, November 2004. Retrieved April 28, 2007. "Of the current fleet of seven vessels, five boats make 104 trips on a typical weekday schedule". Archived August 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
↑Holloway, Lynette. "Mayor to End 50-Cent Fare On S.I. Ferry"Archived October 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, April 29, 1997. Retrieved June 30, 2009. "Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani said yesterday that he would eliminate the 50-cent fare on the Staten Island Ferry starting July 4, saying people who live outside Manhattan should not have to pay extra to travel."
↑"NYC launches ferry service with Queens, East River routes". New York Daily News. Associated Press. May 1, 2017. Archived from the original on May 1, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
↑Levine, Alexandra S.; Wolfe, Jonathan (May 1, 2017). "New York Today: Our City's New Ferry". The New York Times. ISSN0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 1, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
↑"Route Map"(PDF). NYC Ferry. 2017. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 28, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
12Wilson, Colleen. "Port Authority Bus Terminal was once a marvel. Will the next one meet commuters' needs?", The Record, June 30, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2024. "Becoming the busiest bus terminal in the world doesn't happen without also bearing the brunt of blame every time a commute goes horribly wrong — deserved or otherwise.... The popularity of bus commuting over the Hudson River has steadily risen over the last seven decades, with some 260,000 people a day coming through the terminal pre-pandemic.... A more efficient terminal should improve some of the delays through the Lincoln Tunnel and exclusive bus lane (XBL), the dedicated lane in the morning that converges all buses into a single lane from I-495 into the Lincoln Tunnel from New Jersey."
12Architect Chosen for Planned Office Tower Above Port Authority Bus Terminal's North Wing, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, dated November 17, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2024. "The Port Authority Bus Terminal opened in 1950 and has become the busiest bus passenger facility in the world, handling 7,000 buses and 200,000 commuters each day. It includes 223 bus gates, retail and commercial space, and public parking for 1,250 vehicles."
↑McGeehan, Patrick; and Hu, Winnie. "'Notorious' Port Authority Bus Terminal May Get a $10 Billion Overhaul", The New York Times, January 21, 2021, updated September 23, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2024. "The bus terminal plan, which has been in the works for more than seven contentious years, would cost as much as $10 billion and could take a decade to complete.... More than 250,000 people passed through it on a typical weekday before the pandemic, according to the Port Authority.... The bus terminal, a brick hulk perched at the mouth of the Lincoln Tunnel, has long exceeded its capacity — when it opened in late 1950, it was expected to handle 60,000 passengers a day."
↑McGeehan, Patrick. "A Look at the $10 Billion Design for a New Port Authority Bus Terminal The Port Authority unveiled a revised design for a replacement of the much-reviled transit hub, which opened in 1950.", The New York Times, February 1, 2024. Retrieved February 9, 2024. "Instead of the dismal, brick hulk that has darkened two full blocks of Midtown Manhattan for more than 70 years, there would be a bright, modern transit hub topped by two office towers.... Construction is expected to take eight years, he said, meaning the project could be completed by 2032.... The revised plan eliminates those structures but includes a pair of office towers that could be more than 60 stories tall on Eighth Avenue at the corners of 40th and 42nd Streets. Payments from the developers of those buildings would help cover the cost of the project, Mr. Cotton said."
↑About the NYC Taxi and Limousine CommissionArchived June 12, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved September 4, 2006.
↑Winnie Hu (March 6, 2017). "The Downside of Ride-Hailing: More New York City Gridlock". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 16, 2017. Retrieved March 30, 2017.
↑"Cycling in the City: Cycling Trends in NYC – Trends over Time: Commuters by Borough"(PDF). nyc.gov. American Community Survey. May 2019. p.12. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
↑Gray, Christopher. "Are Manhattan's Right Angles Wrong?", The New York Times, October 23, 2005. Retrieved December 1, 2023. "In 1811, the New York commissioners published their eight-foot-long map, showing 12 main north-south avenues and a dense network of east-west streets for much of Manhattan, with the old angled road of Broadway meandering through."
↑Morris, Gouverneur; De Witt, Simeon; and Rutherfurd, John (March 1811) "Remarks Of The Commissioners For Laying Out Streets And Roads In The City Of New York, Under The Act Of April 3, 1807", Cornell University Library. Retrieved December 30, 2023. "These are one hundred feet wide, and such of them as can be extended as far north as the village of Harlem are numbered (beginning with the most eastern, which passes from the west of Bellevue Hospital to the east of Harlem Church) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. This last runs from the wharf at Manhattanville nearly along the shore of the Hudson river, in which it is finally lost, as appears by the map. The avenues to the eastward of number one are marked A, B, C, and D."
↑"Unlock the Grid, Then Ditch the Maps and Apps", Metrofocus. Retrieved December 1, 2023.
↑Gray, Christopher (October 23, 2005). "Are Manhattan's Right Angles Wrong, by Christopher Gray". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 2, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
↑Boland, Ed Jr. "F.Y.I.: By the Numbers", The New York Times, August 18, 2002. Retrieved December 1, 2023. "Q. What is the highest numbered street in New York City?... The highest numbered street in Manhattan is 228th Street, but that is in Marble Hill, a section of Manhattan north of the Harlem River. The highest numbered street on Manhattan Island is 220th Street in Inwood. The northbound numerations that begin in Manhattan continue through the Bronx until New York City meets Yonkers at West 263rd Street."
↑Remarks of the Commissioners for laying out streets and roads in the City of New York, under the Act of April 3, 1807Archived June 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Cornell University. Retrieved May 2, 2007. "These streets are all sixty feet wide except fifteen, which are one hundred feet wide, viz.: Numbers fourteen, twenty-three, thirty-four, forty-two, fifty-seven, seventy-two, seventy-nine, eighty-six, ninety-six, one hundred and six, one hundred and sixteen, one hundred and twenty-five, one hundred and thirty-five, one hundred and forty-five, and one hundred and fifty-five—the block or space between them being in general about two hundred feet."
↑Broadway, Society of Architectural Historians. Retrieved December 30, 2023. "Broadway is a 13-mile roadway running from the southern tip to the northernmost point of the island of Manhattan.... Predating the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, Broadway was initially a Native American trading trail running the length of Manhattan. Various indigenous peoples living on the island—including Lenni Lenape, Delaware Lenape, and Wickquasgeck—used the route, known as the Wickquasgeck Trail, to exchange goods with each other."
↑"Grow the Green Line", Urban Design Forum, February 26, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2023. "Broadway today is an anomaly, unneeded for vehicular traffic, that cuts through a standardized urban form. It is an extra street modulating an otherwise functioning grid. However, it is the only road that connects four of the most important public spaces in the city: Union Square, Madison Square, Herald Square, and Times Square; each found where this diagonal route crosses an avenue and marks a major street."
↑Union Square, Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace. Retrieved December 30, 2023. "New York's famed thoroughfare Broadway is responsible for some of the city's most famous parks. The irregularity of Broadway's span created space for Union Square, Madison Square, Herald Square, Times Square, and Columbus Circle.... Therefore Broadway does not run parallel to the north-south avenues of the grid. Broadway runs diagonally, intersecting other avenues and slicing uniform rectangles into small awkward blocks."
↑Sagalyn, Lynne B. "The Cross Manhattan Expressway", Museum of the City of New York, November 14, 2016. Retrieved January 3, 2024. "In 1959, the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority, under the control and direction of New York City's 'master builder' Robert Moses, put forth ambitious plans for two expressways crossing Manhattan. These elevated highways would cut through neighborhoods and across the island, connecting New York with its wider metropolitan region.... Moses was particularly dedicated to pushing the Lower Manhattan Expressway through after another plan for Mid-Manhattan failed.... The citizen-led opposition campaign that led to the high-profile defeat of the Lower Manhattan Expressway in 1967 saved the neighborhood of SoHo and triggered a new, broader appreciation for preservation in areas that were of historical significance for cultural and economic reasons."
↑Cross Manhattan arterials and related improvements, Hagley Digital Archives, published November 12, 1959. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
12Silverman, Justin Rocket (May 27, 2006). "Sunny delight in city sight". Newsday. Archived from the original on August 3, 2018. Retrieved May 11, 2020. 'Manhattanhenge' occurs Sunday, a day when a happy coincidence of urban planning and astrophysics results in the setting sun lining up exactly with every east-west street in the borough north of 14th Street. Similar to Stonehenge, which is directly aligned with the summer-solstice sun, "Manhattanhenge" catches the sun descending in perfect alignment between buildings. The local phenomenon occurs twice a year, on May 28 and July 12...
↑"Special Feature—City of Stars: Sunset on 34th Street Along the Manhattan". Natural History. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved September 4, 2006.
↑Morris, Hugh. "Manhattanhenge is coming: what is it, and how can I see it?", The Daily Telegraph, May 31, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2023. "It is worth noting that the time when the rising sun aligns with Manhattan's streets, around December 5 and January 8, on either side of the winter solstice, is also known as Manhattanhenge but nobody seems that fussed about it. Poor Winter"
↑Kennicott, Philip. "A Builder Who Went to Town: Robert Moses Shaped Modern New York, for Better and for Worse"Archived July 21, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, The Washington Post, March 11, 2007. Retrieved April 30, 2007. "The list of his accomplishments is astonishing: seven bridges, 15 expressways, 16 parkways, the West Side Highway and the Harlem River Drive..."
↑"Port Authority of New York and New Jersey– George Washington Bridge". The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Archived from the original on September 20, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
↑Bod Woodruff; Lana Zak & Stephanie Wash (November 20, 2012). "GW Bridge Painters: Dangerous Job on Top of the World's Busiest Bridge". ABC News. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
↑Lynn, Kathleen. "Fort Lee, N.J.: 'Like Being in the City Without Being in the City'", The New York Times, January 4, 2023. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
↑Sharif, Mo. "Protecting New York City's Bridge Assets", Federal Highway AdministrationPublic Roads, May / June 2005. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
↑"Lincoln Tunnel Historic Overview". Eastern Roads. Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
↑"Holland Tunnel". National Historic Landmark Quicklinks. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 29, 2014. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
↑"Queens-Midtown Tunnel Historic Overview". Eastern Roads. Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
↑"President the 'First' to Use Midtown Tube; Precedence at Opening Denied Hundreds of Motorists". The New York Times. November 9, 1940. p.19.
↑"Ferry Transportation". Eastern Roads. Archived from the original on February 15, 2020. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
↑"New York City Heliports, Helicopter Airport Transportation Services, Downtown Manhattan Heliport". NYCTourist.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
↑Matthew Philips (November 5, 2013). "Cheap Natural Gas Hits New York City". BloombergBusinessweek. Archived from the original on August 22, 2014. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
↑Ray, C. Claiborne. "Q&A"Archived March 28, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, May 12, 1992. Retrieved June 30, 2009. "In a steam-powered system, the whole cycle of compression, cooling, expansion and evaporation takes place in a closed system, like that in a refrigerator or electrical air-conditioner. The difference, Mr. Sarno said, is that the mechanical power to run the compressor comes from steam-powered turbines, not electrical motors."
↑Burger, Michael and Stewart, Christopher. "Garbage After Fresh Kills"Archived February 16, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Gotham Gazette, January 28, 2001. Retrieved May 16, 2007.
↑"New York City's Yellow Cabs Go Green" (Press release). Sierra Club. July 1, 2005. Archived from the original on January 7, 2009. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
↑Gooch, Kelly. "25 largest hospitals in America"Archived February 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Becker Hospital Review, January 18, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
↑"Mount Sinai Beth Israel in East Village officially closes after judge dismisses bid to stay open". ABC7 New York. April 9, 2025. Retrieved April 9, 2025.
↑"Current Reservoir Levels". New York City Department of Environmental Protection. Archived from the original on July 7, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
↑Lustgarten, Abrahm (August 6, 2008). "City's Drinking Water Feared Endangered; $10B Cost Seen". The New York Sun. Archived from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2008.
↑Dunlap, David W. (July 23, 2014). "Quiet Milestone in Project to Bring Croton Water Back to New York City". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 17, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
↑Flegenheimer, Matt (October 16, 2013). "After Decades, a Water Tunnel Can Now Serve All of Manhattan". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 17, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
Sources
Burke, Katie. ed. Manhattan Memories: A Book of Postcards of Old New York (2000); Postcards lacking the (c) symbol are in the public domain.
Jackson, Kenneth T. and David S. Dunbar, eds. Empire City: New York Through the Centuries (2005), 1015 pages of excerpts
Still, Bayrd, ed. Mirror for Gotham: New York as Seen by Contemporaries from Dutch Days to the Present (New York University Press, 1956)
Virga, Vincent, ed. Historic Maps and Views of New York (2008)
Stokes, I.N. Phelps. The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498–1909 compiled from original sources and illustrated by photo-intaglio reproductions of important maps plans views and documents in public and private collections (6 vols., 1915–28). A highly detailed, heavily illustrated chronology of Manhattan and New York City. see The Iconography of Manhattan Island All volumes are on line free at:
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 1. 1915 v. 1. The period of discovery (1524–1609); the Dutch period (1609–1664). The English period (1664–1763). The Revolutionary period (1763–1783). Period of adjustment and reconstruction; New York as the state and federal capital (1783–1811)
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 2. 1916 v. 2. Cartography: an essay on the development of knowledge regarding the geography of the east coast of North America; Manhattan Island and its environs on early maps and charts / by F.C. Wieder and I.N. Phelps Stokes. The Manatus maps. The Castello plan. The Dutch grants. Early New York newspapers (1725–1811). Plan of Manhattan Island in 1908
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 3. 1918 v. 3. The War of 1812 (1812–1815). Period of invention, prosperity, and progress (1815–1841). Period of industrial and educational development (1842–1860). The Civil War (1861–1865); period of political and social development (1865–1876). The modern city and island (1876–1909)
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 4. 1922; v. 4. The period of discovery (565–1626); the Dutch period (1626–1664). The English period (1664–1763). The Revolutionary period, part I (1763–1776)
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 5. 1926; v. 5. The Revolutionary period, part II (1776–1783). Period of adjustment and reconstruction New York as the state and federal capital (1783–1811). The War of 1812 (1812–1815); period of invention, prosperity, and progress (1815–1841). Period of industrial and educational development (1842–1860). The Civil War (1861–1865); Period of political and social development (1865–1876). The modern city and island (1876–1909)
I.N. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 6. 1928; v. 6. Chronology: addenda. Original grants and farms. Bibliography. Index.
Further reading
Burns, Ric, and Sanders, James. New York: An Illustrated History (2003), book version of 17-hour Burns PBS documentary, New York: A Documentary Film
Ellis, Edward Robb. The Epic of New York City: A Narrative History (2004) 640pp; Excerpt and text search; Popular history concentrating on violent events & scandals
Homberger, Eric. The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History (2005)
Kouwenhoven, John Atlee. The Columbia Historical Portrait of New York: An Essay in Graphic History. (1953)
Lankevich, George J. New York City: A Short History (2002)
McCully, Betsy. City at the Water's Edge: A Natural History of New York (2005), environmental history excerpt and text search
Reitano, Joanne. The Restless City: A Short History of New York from Colonial Times to the Present (2010), Popular history with focus on politics and riots excerpt and text search
Filler, Martin (April 2015). New York: Conspicuous Construction. Analysis of architectural and social aspects of "ultra-luxury towers ... the smokestack-like protuberances that now disrupt the skyline of midtown Manhattan." The New York Review of Books
Story, Louise and Saul, Stephanie (February 2015). Towers of Secrecy. A series of 6 articles "examining people behind shell companies buying high-end real estate" in midtown Manhattan. Part 1: Time Warner Center: Symbol of the Boom,Part 2: The Mysterious Malaysian Financier,Part 3: The Besieged Indian Builder,Part 4: The Mexican Power Brokers,Part 5: The Russian Minister and Friends,Summary: The Hidden Money Buying Up New York Real Estate. The New York Times
External links
Local government and services
Manhattan Borough President official site
New York City Government with links to Manhattan specific agencies