Events
1905 – Albert Einstein publishes the third of his Annus Mirabilis papers , introducing the special theory of relativity.1907 – Four months after the 1907 Imperial Conference , New Zealand and Newfoundland are promoted from colonies to dominions within the British Empire.1914 – The United States Federal Trade Commission is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act .[ 8] 1917 – World War I : The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.1918 – World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive began which would last until the total surrender of German forces.1919 – Ukrainian War of Independence : The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine defeats the White Russian Volunteer Army at the Battle of Peregonovka .[ 9] 1923 – The German government calls off the passive resistance to the French and Belgian occupation of the Ruhr .1933 – As gangster Machine Gun Kelly surrenders to the FBI, he shouts out, "Don't shoot, G-Men !", which becomes a nickname for FBI agents.1936 – Spanish Civil War : Lluis Companys reshuffles the Generalitat de Catalunya , with the marxist POUM and anarcho-syndicalist CNT joining the government.[ 10] 1942 – Holocaust : Senior SS official August Frank issues a memorandum detailing how Jews should be "evacuated".1950 – Korean War : United Nations troops recapture Seoul from North Korean forces.1953 – Rationing of sugar in the United Kingdom ends.1954 – The Japanese rail ferry Tōya Maru 1959 – Typhoon Vera , the strongest typhoon to hit Japan in recorded history, makes landfall, killing 4,580 people and leaving nearly 1.6 million others homeless.1960 – In Chicago, the first televised debate takes place between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy.1978 – Air Caribbean Flight 309 crashes in Residencial Las Casas in San Juan, Puerto Rico , killing six.[ 11] 1980 – A terrorist bombing at the Oktoberfest in Munich , Germany, kills 13 people and injures 213 others.1983 – Soviet Air Force officer Stanislav Petrov identifies a report of an incoming nuclear missile as a computer error and not an American first strike , thus preventing nuclear war.1983 – Soyuz 7K-ST No. 16L , intended to launch a crew to the Salyut 7 space station, explodes on the launch pad. The launch escape system is activated before the Soyuz-U rocket explodes, saving the crew.[ 12] 1984 – The United Kingdom and China agree to a transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong , to take place in 1997.1992 – A Nigerian Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules crashes in Ejigbo, Lagos , killing 159.1994 – A Yakovlev Yak-40 crashes into a river near Vanavara , Russia, killing 24.[ 13] 1997 – A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A300 crashes near Medan airport, killing 234.1997 – An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse. 2000 – Anti-globalization protests in Prague (some 20,000 protesters) turn violent during the IMF and World Bank summits.2000 – The MS Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Aegean Sea killing 80 passengers. 2002 – The overcrowded Senegalese ferry, MV Le Joola , capsizes off the coast of the Gambia killing more than 1,000.2009 – Typhoon Ketsana hits the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, causing 700 fatalities.2010 – The Philippine Bar exam bombing occurs near the De La Salle University in Taft Avenue, Manila injuring 47 people.[ 14] 2014 – A mass kidnapping of 43 students from a teaching college occurs in Iguala, Mexico.[ 15] 2022 – A mass shooting occurs at a school in Izhevsk , Udmurtia , Russia, resulting in the deaths of 18 people, including 11 children.[ 16] 2024 – Hurricane Helene makes landfall in Perry, Florida as a Category 4 hurricane , killing over 250 people, causing US$78.7 billion in damage and becoming the deadliest hurricane in the mainland United States since Katrina .[ 17]
Births
1637 – Sébastien Leclerc , French painter (died 1714)[ 20] 1641 – Nehemiah Grew , English plant anatomist and physiologist (died 1712)1651 – Francis Daniel Pastorius , founder of Germantown, Philadelphia (died 1720)[ 21] 1660 – George William, Duke of Liegnitz (died 1675)1698 – William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire (died 1755)[ 22] 1711 – Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple , English politician, First Lord of the Admiralty (died 1779)1750 – Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood , English admiral (died 1810)1758 – Cosme Argerich , Argentinian physician (died 1820)1767 – Wenzel Müller , Austrian composer and conductor (died 1835)1774 – Johnny Appleseed , American gardener and environmentalist (died 1845)1783 – Richard Griffin, 3rd Baron Braybrooke , English politician and literary figure (died 1858)1791 – Théodore Géricault , French painter and lithographer (died 1824)1792 – William Hobson , Irish-New Zealand explorer and politician, 1st Governor of New Zealand (died 1842)1820 – Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar , Indian philosopher, painter, and academic (died 1891)1840 – Louis-Olivier Taillon , Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Premier of Quebec (died 1923)1843 – Joseph Furphy , Australian author and poet (died 1912)1848 – Henry Walters , American art collector and philanthropist (died 1931)1849 – Ivan Pavlov , Russian physiologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1936)[ 23] 1856 – Anna Paaske , Norwegian opera singer and music teacher (died 1935)[ 24] 1865 – Archibald Butt , United States Army Officer (died 1912)[ 25] 1865 – Mary Russell, Duchess of Bedford (died 1937) 1869 – Komitas , Armenian-French priest and composer (died 1935)1870 – Christian X of Denmark (died 1947)[ 26] 1872 – Max Ehrmann , American poet and lawyer (died 1945)1873 – Wacław Berent , Polish author and translator (died 1940)1874 – Lewis Hine , American photographer and activist (died 1940)1874 – Charles Vyner Brooke , 3rd Raj of Sarawak (died 1963)[ 27] 1875 – Edmund Gwenn , English-American actor (died 1959)[ 28] 1876 – Edith Abbott , American economist, social worker, and author (died 1957)[ 29] 1876 – Ghulam Bhik Nairang , Indian poet, lawyer, and politician (died 1952) 1877 – Ugo Cerletti , Italian neurologist and academic (died 1963)1877 – Alfred Cortot , Swiss pianist and conductor (died 1962) 1877 – Bertha De Vriese , Belgian physician (died 1958) 1878 – Walter Steinbeck , German actor (died 1942)1884 – Jack Bickell , Canadian businessman and philanthropist (died 1951)1886 – Archibald Hill , English physiologist, academic, and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1977)1887 – Edwin Keppel Bennett , English author and poet (died 1958)1887 – Antonio Moreno , Spanish-American actor and director (died 1967) 1887 – Barnes Wallis , English scientist and engineer, invented the Bouncing bomb (died 1979) 1888 – J. Frank Dobie , American journalist and author (died 1964)1888 – T. S. Eliot , English poet, playwright, critic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1965) 1889 – Gordon Brewster , Irish cartoonist (died 1946)1889 – Martin Heidegger , German philosopher and academic (died 1976) 1890 – Jack Tresadern , English footballer and manager (died 1959)1891 – William McKell , Australian politician, 12th Governor General of Australia (died 1985)1891 – Charles Münch , French violinist and conductor (died 1968) 1891 – Hans Reichenbach , German philosopher from the Vienna Circle (died 1953) 1892 – Robert Staughton Lynd , American sociologist and academic (died 1970)1894 – Gladys Brockwell , American actress (died 1929)1895 – Jürgen Stroop , German general (died 1952) 1897 – Pope Paul VI (died 1978)1897 – Arthur Rhys-Davids , English lieutenant and pilot (died 1917) 1898 – George Gershwin , American pianist and composer (died 1937)1900 – Suzanne Belperron , French jewelry designer (died 1983)
1901 – George Raft , American actor, singer, and dancer (died 1980)1901 – Ted Weems , American bandleader and musician (died 1963) 1902 – Albert Anastasia , Italian-American mobster (died 1957)[ 30] 1905 – Millito Navarro , Puerto Rican baseball player (died 2011)1905 – Karl Rappan , Austrian footballer and coach (died 1996) 1907 – Anthony Blunt , English historian and spy (died 1983)1907 – Shug Fisher , American singer-songwriter, musician, actor, and comedian (died 1984) 1907 – Bep van Klaveren , Dutch boxer (died 1992) 1909 – Bill France Sr. , American race car driver, founded NASCAR (died 1992)1909 – A. P. Hamann , American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (died 1977) 1911 – Al Helfer , American sportscaster (died 1975)1913 – Frank Brimsek , American ice hockey player (died 1998)1914 – Achille Compagnoni , Italian skier and mountaineer (died 2009)1914 – Jack LaLanne , American fitness expert (died 2011) 1917 – Réal Caouette , Canadian journalist and politician (died 1976)1917 – Tran Duc Thao , Vietnamese-French philosopher and theorist (died 1993) 1918 – Eric Morley , English businessman and television host, founded the Miss World (died 2000)1919 – Barbara Britton , American actress (died 1980)1919 – Matilde Camus , Spanish poet and author (died 2012) 1922 – Takis Miliadis , Greek actor (died 1985)1922 – Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (died 2014) 1923 – Dev Anand , Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2011)1923 – Hugh Griffiths, Baron Griffiths , English cricketer, lawyer, and judge (died 2015) 1923 – James Hennessy , English businessman and diplomat (died 2024) 1924 – Jean Hoerni , Swiss physicist, inventor and businessman (died 1997)1925 – Norm Dussault , American-Canadian ice hockey player (died 2012)1925 – Marty Robbins , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, actor, and race car driver (died 1982) 1926 – Julie London , American singer and actress (died 2000)1926 – Manfred Mayrhofer , Austrian philologist and academic (died 2011) 1927 – Robert Cade , American physician and educator, co-invented Gatorade (died 2007)1927 – Patrick O'Neal , American actor (died 1994) 1927 – Enzo Bearzot , Italian footballer and manager (died 2010) 1928 – Bob Van der Veken , Belgian actor (died 2019)1928 – Wilford White , American football player (died 2013) 1930 – Philip Bosco , American actor (died 2018)1930 – Joe Brown , English mountaineer and author (died 2020) 1931 – Kenneth Parnell , American sex offender (died 2008)1932 – Donna Douglas , American actress (died 2015)[ 31] 1932 – Joyce Jameson , American actress (died 1987) 1932 – Manmohan Singh , Indian economist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of India (died 2024)[ 32] 1932 – Vladimir Voinovich , Russian author and poet (died 2018) 1934 – Neil Coles , English golfer and architect1935 – Bob Barber , English cricketer1935 – Lou Myers , American actor (died 2013) 1935 – Joe Sherlock , Irish politician (died 2007) 1936 – Leroy Drumm , American sailor and songwriter (died 2010)1936 – Winnie Madikizela-Mandela , South African academic and politician, 8th First Lady of South Africa (died 2018)[ 31] 1937 – Valentin Pavlov , Russian banker and politician, 11th Premier of the Soviet Union (died 2003)1937 – Jerry Weintraub , American film producer and agent (died 2015)[ 31] 1938 – Lucette Aldous , New Zealand-Australian ballerina and educator (died 2021)1938 – Jonathan Goldsmith , American actor[ 33] [ 34] 1938 – Lars-Jacob Krogh , Norwegian journalist (died 2010) 1939 – Ricky Tomlinson , English actor and screenwriter[ 35] 1941 – Salvatore Accardo , Italian violinist and conductor1941 – Martine Beswick , Jamaican-English model and actress 1941 – David Frizzell , American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist[ 36] 1942 – Kent McCord , American actor[ 36] 1942 – Gloria E. Anzaldúa , American scholar of Chicana cultural theory (died 2004) 1943 – Ian Chappell , Australian cricketer and sportscaster1943 – Tim Schenken , Australian racing driver 1944 – Jan Brewer , American politician, 22nd Governor of Arizona 1944 – Keith O'Nions , English geologist and academic 1944 – Anne Robinson , English journalist and game show host[ 36] 1945 – Louise Beaudoin , Canadian academic and politician1945 – Gal Costa , Brazilian singer (died 2022)[ 37] 1945 – Bryan Ferry , English singer-songwriter[ 36] 1946 – Andrea Dworkin , American activist and author (died 2005)[ 38] 1946 – John MacLachlan Gray , Canadian actor, playwright, and composer 1946 – Mary Beth Hurt , American actress (died 2026)[ 39] [ 36] 1946 – Radha Krishna Mainali , Nepalese politician 1946 – Louise Simonson , American author 1946 – Claudette Werleigh , Haitian Prime Minister[ 40] 1947 – Lucius Allen , American basketball player[ 41] 1947 – Lynn Anderson , American singer and actress (died 2015)[ 31] 1947 – Philippe Lavil , French singer and actor 1947 – Dick Roth , American swimmer 1948 – Olivia Newton-John , English-Australian singer-songwriter and actress (died 2022)[ 42] 1948 – Vladimír Remek , Czech politician, diplomat, cosmonaut and military pilot[ 43] 1949 – Clodoaldo , Brazilian footballer and manager1949 – Wendy Saddington , Australian singer and journalist (died 2013) 1949 – Jane Smiley , American novelist[ 31] 1949 – Minette Walters , English journalist and author 1950 – Andy Haden , New Zealand rugby player (died 2020)1951 – Tommy Taylor , English footballer and manager1951 – Stuart Tosh , Scottish singer-songwriter and drummer 1953 – Dolores Keane , Irish singer and actress1953 – Douglas A. Melton , American biologist and academic 1953 – Paul Stephenson , English police officer 1954 – Craig Chaquico , American guitarist1954 – Kevin Kennedy , American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster 1954 – Cesar Rosas , Mexican-American singer-songwriter and guitarist[ 36] 1955 – Carlene Carter , American singer-songwriter[ 36] 1956 – Steve Butler , American race car driver and engineer1956 – Linda Hamilton , American actress[ 36] 1957 – Bob Staake , American author and illustrator1957 – Klaus Augenthaler , German footballer and manager 1957 – Michael Dweck , American photographer and director 1957 – Oscar Andrade , Brazilian politician (died 2026)[ 44] 1958 – Rudi Cerne , German figure skater and journalist1958 – Darby Crash , American singer-songwriter (died 1980) 1958 – Robert Kagan , Greek-American historian and author 1958 – Kenny Sansom , English footballer 1958 – Richard B. Weldon Jr. , American sailor and politician 1959 – Andrew Bolt , Australian journalist1959 – Trevor Dodds , Namibian golfer 1959 – Rich Gedman , American baseball player and coach 1959 – Ilya Kormiltsev , Russian poet and translator (died 2007) 1960 – Uwe Bein , German footballer and manager1960 – Jouke de Vries , Dutch academic and politician 1960 – Doug Supernaw , American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2020) 1961 – Jeanie Buss , American sports executive[ 45] 1961 – Cindy Herron , American singer-songwriter and actress[ 36] 1961 – Marianne Mikko , Estonian journalist and politician 1961 – Will Self , English novelist and journalist[ 31] 1962 – Melissa Sue Anderson , American-Canadian actress[ 36] 1962 – Jonas Bergqvist , Swedish ice hockey player[ 46] 1962 – Mark Haddon , English author and poet 1962 – Steve Moneghetti , Australian runner 1962 – Al Pitrelli , American guitarist and songwriter 1962 – Tracey Thorn , English singer-songwriter and writer[ 36] 1962 – Jacky Wu , Taiwanese singer, actor, and television host 1963 – Lysette Anthony , English actress and producer1963 – Joe Nemechek , American race car driver 1964 – Dave Martinez , American baseball player and coach1965 – Radisav Ćurčić , Serbian-Israeli basketball player[ 47] 1965 – Petro Poroshenko , Ukrainian businessman and politician, 5th President of Ukraine 1966 – Jillian Barberie , Canadian actress and sportscaster[ 36] 1966 – Christos Dantis , Greek singer-songwriter and producer 1966 – Shane Dye , New Zealand jockey 1966 – Craig Heyward , American football player (died 2006) 1967 – Bruno Akrapović , Bosnian footballer and manager1967 – Shannon Hoon , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1995) 1967 – Craig Janney , American ice hockey player 1968 – Jim Caviezel , American actor[ 36] 1968 – Ben Shenkman , American actor[ 36] 1969 – Andy Petterson , Australian footballer and coach1969 – David Slade , English director and producer 1969 – Holger Stanislawski , German footballer and manager 1969 – Paul Warhurst , English footballer and manager 1970 – Daryl Beattie , Australian motorcycle racer1970 – Sheri Moon Zombie , American actress and fashion designer 1970 – David Parland , Swedish guitarist (died 2013) 1972 – Ras Kass , American rapper and producer1972 – Beto O'Rourke , American politician[ 48] 1972 – Shawn Stockman , American singer 1973 – Marty Casey , American singer-songwriter and guitarist1973 – Julienne Davis , American actress, producer, and screenwriter 1973 – Dr. Luke , American record producer and songwriter[ 36] 1973 – Chris Small , Scottish snooker player and coach 1973 – Olga Vasdeki , Greek triple jumper 1974 – Boris Cepeda , German-Ecuadorian pianist and diplomat1974 – Gary Hall Jr. , American swimmer 1974 – Martin Müürsepp , Estonian basketball player and coach 1975 – Emma Härdelin , Swedish singer and violinist1975 – Jake Paltrow , American director and screenwriter 1975 – Chiara Schoras , German actress 1976 – Michael Ballack , German footballer1976 – Sami Vänskä , Finnish bass player 1977 – Kerem Özyeğen , Turkish singer-songwriter and guitarist1977 – Aka Plu , Japanese comedian and actor 1978 – Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot , Kenyan runner1979 – Chris Kunitz , Canadian ice hockey player[ 49] 1979 – Naomichi Marufuji , Japanese wrestler 1979 – Fuifui Moimoi , Tongan-New Zealand rugby league player 1979 – Cameron Mooney , Australian footballer 1979 – Jaycie Phelps , American gymnast 1979 – Taavi Rõivas , Estonian politician, 16th Prime Minister of Estonia 1979 – Jacob Tierney , Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter 1980 – Patrick Friesacher , Austrian racing driver1980 – Brooks Orpik , American ice hockey player 1980 – Daniel Sedin , Swedish ice hockey player 1980 – Henrik Sedin , Swedish ice hockey player 1981 – Asuka , Japanese professional wrestler1981 – Yao Beina , Chinese singer (died 2015) 1981 – Christina Milian , American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress[ 36] 1981 – Ayumi Tsunematsu , Japanese voice actress 1981 – Serena Williams , American tennis player[ 50] 1982 – Rob Burrow , English rugby player (died 2024)[ 51] 1982 – John Scott , Canadian ice hockey player 1982 – Sun Li , Chinese actress[ 52] 1983 – Ricardo Quaresma , Portuguese footballer1984 – Nev Schulman , American photographer, television host, and producer[ 31] 1985 – Talulah Riley , English actress[ 36] 1986 – Sean Doolittle , American baseball player[ 53] 1987 – Rosanna Munter , Swedish singer-songwriter1988 – Chris Archer , American baseball player[ 54] 1988 – James Blake , English singer-songwriter and producer[ 31] 1988 – Kiira Korpi , Finnish figure skater 1988 – Buddy Matthews , Australian wrestler[ 55] 1989 – Jonny Bairstow , English cricketer1991 – Alma Jodorowsky , French actress, fashion model and singer1991 – Dan Preston , English footballer 1992 – Yoo Ara , South Korean singer and actress1993 – Rosicleide Andrade , Brazilian Paralympic judoka[ 56] 1993 – Michael Kidd-Gilchrist , American basketball player 1994 – Jack Conger , American swimmer1995 – Miloš Veljković , Serbian footballer1997 – Özge Yağız , Turkish actress[ 57] 2000 – Frankie Amaya , American soccer player[ 58] 2000 – Princess Salma bint Abdullah , Jordanian princess 2001 – Xinyu Wang , Chinese tennis player[ 59] 2003 – Jane Remover , American musician[ 60]
Deaths
Pre-1600 800 – Berowulf , bishop of Würzburg 862 – Musa ibn Musa al-Qasawi , Muslim military leader (born c. 790)1241 – Fujiwara no Teika , Japanese poet1290 – Margaret, Maid of Norway Queen of Scotland (born 1283)1313 – Gottfried von Hagenau , Alsatian theologian, medical doctor, and poet1327 – Cecco d'Ascoli , Italian encyclopaedist, physician and poet (born 1257)1328 – Ibn Taymiya , Islamic scholar and philosopher of Harran (born 1263)1345 – William II, Count of Hainaut 1371 – Jovan Uglješa , Serbian despot1413 – Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria (born 1337)1417 – Francesco Zabarella , Italian cardinal (born 1360)1468 – Juan de Torquemada , Spanish cardinal and theologian (born 1388)1536 – Didier de Saint-Jaille , 46th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller 1588 – Amias Paulet , Governor of Jersey (born 1532)1600 – Claude Le Jeune , French composer (born 1530)
1620 – Taichang Emperor of China (born 1582)1623 – Charles Grey, 7th Earl of Kent , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Bedfordshire (born 1540)1626 – Wakisaka Yasuharu , Japanese daimyō (born 1554)1716 – Antoine Parent , French mathematician and theorist (born 1666)1764 – Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro , Spanish monk and scholar (born 1676)1800 – William Billings , American composer and educator (born 1746)1802 – Jurij Vega , Slovene mathematician and physicist (born 1754)1820 – Daniel Boone , American hunter and explorer (born 1734)1825 – José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marquis of Torre Tagle , Peruvian soldier and politician, 2nd President of Peru (born 1779)[ 61] 1830 – Teresa Casati , Italian noblewomen and revolutionary (born 1787)[ 62] 1846 – Thomas Clarkson , English abolitionist (born 1760)[ 63] 1847 – John Oliver Curran , Irish physician (born 1819)[ 64] 1868 – August Ferdinand Möbius , German mathematician and astronomer (born 1790)1877 – Hermann Grassmann , German mathematician and physicist (born 1809)
1902 – Levi Strauss , German-American businessman, founded Levi Strauss & Co. (born 1829)1904 – Lafcadio Hearn , Greek-Japanese author and academic (born 1850)1904 – John Fitzwilliam Stairs , Canadian businessman and politician (born 1848) 1922 – Charles Wade , Australian politician, 17th Premier of New South Wales (born 1863)1935 – Andy Adams , American author (born 1859)1935 – Iván Persa , Slovene-Hungarian priest and author (born 1861) 1937 – Bessie Smith , American singer and actress (born 1894)1943 – Henri Fertet , French Resistance fighter (born 1926)[ 65] 1945 – Béla Bartók , Hungarian pianist and composer (born 1881)1946 – William Strunk Jr. , American author and educator (born 1869)1947 – Hugh Lofting , English-American author and poet (born 1886)1951 – Hans Cloos , German geologist and academic (born 1885)1952 – George Santayana , Spanish philosopher, novelist, and poet (born 1863)1953 – Xu Beihong , Chinese painter and educator (born 1895)1954 – Ellen Roosevelt , American tennis player (born 1868)1957 – Arthur Powell Davies , American minister and author (born 1902)1959 – S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike , Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (born 1899)1959 – Leslie Morshead , Australian general (born 1889) 1959 – Teodor Ussisoo , Estonian furniture designer and educator (born 1878) 1961 – Charles Erwin Wilson , American politician, 5th United States Secretary of Defense (born 1890)[ 66] 1965 – James Fitzmaurice , Irish soldier and pilot (born 1898)1968 – Ben Shlomo Lipman-Heilprin , Polish-Israeli neurologist and physician (born 1902)1968 – Daniel Johnson Sr. , Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Premier of Quebec (born 1915) 1968 – Władysław Kędra , Polish pianist (born 1918) 1972 – Charles Correll , American actor and screenwriter (born 1890)1973 – Samuel Flagg Bemis , American historian and author (born 1891)1973 – Ralph Earnhardt , American race car driver (born 1928) 1973 – Anna Magnani , Italian actress and singer (born 1908) 1976 – Leopold Ružička , Croatian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1887)1977 – Uday Shankar , Indian dancer and choreographer (born 1900)1978 – Manne Siegbahn , Swedish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1886)1979 – Arthur Hunnicutt , American actor (born 1910)1982 – Alec Hurwood , Australian cricketer (born 1902)1984 – Paquirri , Spanish bullfighter (born 1948)1984 – John Facenda , American sportscaster (born 1913) 1987 – Ramang , Indonesian footballer and manager (born 1928)1987 – Herbert Tichy , Austrian geologist, journalist, and mountaineer (born 1912) 1988 – Branko Zebec , Croatian and Yugoslav football player and coach (born 1929)1989 – Hemanta Kumar Mukhopadhyay , Indian singer-songwriter and producer (born 1920)1990 – Hiram Abas , Turkish intelligence officer (born 1932)1990 – Alberto Moravia , Italian author and critic (born 1907) 1991 – Billy Vaughn , American singer and bandleader (born 1919)1995 – Kalju Pitksaar , Estonian chess player (born 1931)1996 – Nicu Ceaușescu , Romanian politician (born 1951)1997 – Dorothy Kingsley , American screenwriter and producer (born 1909)[ 67] 1998 – Betty Carter , American singer (born 1930)1999 – Oseola McCarty , American philanthropist (born 1908)2000 – Richard Mulligan , American actor (born 1932)2000 – Baden Powell de Aquino , Brazilian guitarist and composer (born 1937) 2002 – Nils Bohlin , Swedish engineer, invented three-point safety belt (born 1920)[ 68] 2003 – Shawn Lane , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (born 1963)2003 – Robert Palmer , English singer-songwriter (born 1949) 2004 – Marianna Komlos , Canadian bodybuilder, model, and wrestler (born 1969)2005 – Helen Cresswell , English author and screenwriter (born 1934)2006 – Byron Nelson , American golfer and coach (born 1912)2006 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino , American wartime propaganda broadcaster (born 1916) 2007 – Bill Wirtz , American businessman (born 1929)2008 – Marc Moulin , Belgian keyboard player, producer, and journalist (born 1942)2008 – Paul Newman , American actor, director, producer, and businessman (born 1925) 2010 – Terry Newton , English rugby player (born 1978)2010 – Gloria Stuart , American actress (born 1910) 2011 – Bob Cassilly , American sculptor, founded the City Museum (born 1949)2012 – M'el Dowd , American actress and singer (born 1933)2012 – Sylvia Fedoruk , Canadian physicist and politician, 17th Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan (born 1927) 2012 – Eugene Genovese , American historian and author (born 1930) 2012 – Sam Steiger , American journalist and politician (born 1929) 2013 – Azizan Abdul Razak , Malaysian politician, 10th Menteri Besar of Kedah (born 1944)2013 – Seánie Duggan , Irish hurler (born 1922) 2013 – Mario Montez , Puerto Rican-American actor (born 1935) 2013 – Sos Sargsyan , Armenian actor and director (born 1929) 2014 – Jim Boeke , American football player and coach (born 1938)2014 – Sam Hall , American screenwriter (born 1921) 2014 – Gerald Neugebauer , American astronomer and physicist (born 1932) 2014 – Tamir Sapir , Georgian-American businessman (born 1946) 2015 – Eudóxia Maria Froehlich , Brazilian zoologist (born 1928)2015 – Sidney Phillips , American soldier, physician, and author (born 1924) 2015 – Ana Seneviratne , Sri Lankan police officer and diplomat (born 1927) 2016 – Toughie , last known Rabbs' fringe-limbed treefrog (h. fl. [ 69] 2019 – Jacques Chirac , French politician, President of France (born 1932)[ 70] 2024 – John Ashton , American actor (born 1948)[ 71]
References ↑ Richardson, Lawrence (1992). The New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome . Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 166–167. ISBN 0801843006 . ↑ Poole, A. L. (1932). "Henry Plantagenet's Early Visits to England". The English Historical Review . 47 : 448. doi :10.1093/ehr/XLVII.CLXXXVII.447. OCLC 754650998. and the date at which the siege was begun is definitely known from William of Malmesbury, 26 September 1142. ↑ Walsby, Malcolm (2007). The Counts of Laval: Culture, Patronage and Religion in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-century France . Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 9780754658115 . ↑ "The Philadelphia Campaign of 1777". nps.gov . National Park Service . Retrieved September 26, 2025 . ↑ George Washington (1837). The Writings of George Washington: Part fifth: comprising speeches and messages to Congress, proclamations, and addresses . American Stationers' Company, John B. Russell. p. 432. ↑ The United Service . L.R. Hamersly & Company. 1904. p. 685.↑ William Rae Wilson (1826). Travels in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Hanover, Germany, Netherlands, &c . Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. p. 1. ↑ Winerman, Marc (2003). "The Origins of the FTC: Concentration, Cooperation, Control, and Competition"(PDF) . Antitrust Law Journal . 71 : 1– 97. Retrieved December 6, 2017 . ↑ Darch, Colin (2020). "The Long March West and the Battle at Peregonovka". Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921 . London : Pluto Press . pp. 72– 90. ISBN 9781786805263 . OCLC 1225942343. ↑ Preston, Paul (2006). The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge . London: Harper Perennial. pp. 253– 254. ↑ Ranter, Harro. "Accident Beechcraft D18S N500L, 26 Sep 1978". aviation-safety.net . ↑ Evans, Ben (September 28, 2013). ". Retrieved 2014-01-24 . ↑ "Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Vanavara: 28 killed". Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives . Archived from the original on 2017-04-21. Retrieved 2017-04-20 . ↑ Pat C. 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External links "On This Day". BBC. The New York Times : On This Day(subscription required) "Historical Events on September 26". OnThisDay.com.
