IQ スコアは、教育上の配置、知的能力の評価、および求職者の評価に使用されてきました。研究の文脈では、仕事のパフォーマンス[ 21 ]および収入[ 22 ]の予測因子として研究されてきました。また、集団における心理測定知能の分布と、それと他の変数との相関関係を研究するためにも使用されています。多くの集団の IQ テストの生スコアは、20 世紀初頭から 10 年あたり平均 3 IQ ポイント上昇しており、これはフリン効果と呼ばれる現象です。
とはいえ、高度な資格を要する活動(研究、管理)では、低い IQ スコアが適切なパフォーマンスの妨げになる可能性が高く、一方、最低限のスキルを要する活動では、運動能力(手先の力、スピード、持久力、協調性)がパフォーマンスに影響を与える可能性が高い。[ 21 ]学界では、高い IQ が仕事のパフォーマンスを媒介するのは、主に仕事に関連する知識をより早く習得することによるものだという見解が一般的である。この見解は Byington と Felps (2010) によって異議を唱えられており、彼らは「現在の IQ 反映テストの適用により、高い IQ スコアを持つ個人は発達リソースへのアクセスをより多く得ることができ、時間の経過とともに追加の能力を獲得し、最終的に仕事をより良くこなせるようになる」と主張している。[ 161 ]
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