In the following prefixes, a final vowel is normally dropped before a root that begins with a vowel, with the exceptions of bi-, which is extended to bis- before a vowel; among the other monosyllables, du-, di-, dvi-, and tri-, never vary.
Words in the cardinal category are cardinal numbers, such as the English one, two, three, which name the count of items in a sequence. The multiple category are adverbial numbers, like the English once, twice, thrice, that specify the number of events or instances of otherwise identical or similar items. Enumeration with the distributive category originally was meant to specify one each, two each or one by one, two by two, etc., giving how many items of each type are desired or had been found, although distinct word forms for that meaning are now mostly lost. The ordinal category are based on ordinal numbers such as the English first, second, third, which specify position of items in a sequence. In Latin and Greek, the ordinal forms are also used for fractions for amounts higher than2; only the fraction 1/ 2 has special forms.
The same suffix may be used with more than one category of number, as for example the ordinal numbers secondary and tertiary and the distributive numbers binary and ternary.
For the hundreds, there are competing forms: Those in -gent-, from the original Latin, and those in -cent-, derived from centi-, etc. plus the prefixes for 1 through 9.
Many of the items in the following tables are not in general use, but may rather be regarded as coinages by individuals. In scientific contexts, either scientific notation or SI prefixes are used to express very large or very small numbers, and not unwieldy prefixes.
それらは、元の数詞と同じ言語の単語、およびそれぞれの派生語に現れる。(厳密に言えば、これらの出現例の一般的な引用の中には、実際には接頭辞の出現ではないものもある。例えば、millenniumはmilli-から形成されたものではなく、実際には同じ共通のラテン語の語根 mille から派生したものである。)
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "एक-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "द्वि-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "त्रि-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "चतुर्-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "पञ्च-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "षट्-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .
↑ Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). "सप्त-". A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages . Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 685239912 .