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下院338議席 過半数に必要な議席は170議席 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 消す | 67.0% [1] ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2019年カナダ連邦選挙は2019年10月21日に実施され、下院議員が第43回カナダ議会に選出されました。 2007年のカナダ選挙法改正で定められた最長4年の任期に従い、2019年選挙の選挙令状は2019年9月11日に ジュリー・ペイエット総督によって発行されました。
現職のジャスティン・トルドー首相率いる自由党の得票率は33.12%で、2019年の総選挙は少数派単独政権を樹立する政党の得票率としては2番目に低かった(1位は2021年の連邦選挙) 。[2]自由党は保守党に1%差で一般投票で敗れ、 [3]カナダ史上、与党が全国一般投票の35%未満しか獲得できないまま政権を樹立したのは2度目であり、1度目は連邦成立後初の1867年連邦選挙であった。また、全体で最多得票した政党が最多議席を獲得しなかっ たのも1979年以来のことである。
アンドリュー・シェア率いる保守党は121議席を獲得し、野党第一党のままとなった。イヴ=フランソワ・ブランシェ率いるブロック・ケベコワは32議席を獲得して正式政党の地位を取り戻し、 2008年以来初めて第三党となった。ジャグミート・シン率いる新民主党は24議席を獲得したが、これは2004年以来最悪の結果となった。エリザベス・メイ率いる緑の党は3議席を獲得して過去最高の選挙結果となり、初めて100万票以上を獲得した。緑の党はまた、ブリティッシュコロンビア州以外では初となるニューブランズウィック州フレデリクトンでジェニカ・アトウィンを国会議員に選出した。 [3]無所属のジョディ・ウィルソン=レイボールド議員が議席を獲得し、無所属として10年以上ぶりに議席を獲得した。人民党は初の選挙で議席を獲得できなかった。党首のマキシム・ベルニエ氏はボース選挙区で議席を失った。同氏は保守党の党首選に立候補したが落選し、その後自らの政党を結成したが、過去4回の選挙で保守党員としてこの議席を獲得していた。
背景
2015年の連邦選挙の結果、ジャスティン・トルドー率いる自由党 多数派政権が誕生した。保守党は野党となり(スティーヴン・ハーパーは党首を辞任した)、新民主党(NDP)は第3党となった。ブロック・ケベコワと緑の党の議員が下院に選出されたが、両党とも政党としての地位を得るのに必要な国会議員数(12人)を達成できなかった。ブロック党首のジル・デュセップは選挙後まもなく辞任を発表し、ケベック党のマルティーヌ・ウエレット議員が後任となった。[4]ウエレットは党首選で敗北した後、2018年6月11日にブロック党首を辞任すると発表し、[5] 2019年1月17日にイヴ・フランソワ・ブランシェが後任となった。 [6]
トム・ムルカイアはNDP党首の座を拒否された。2016年4月のNDP党首審査で得票率はわずか48%だった。同党は2017年10月1日に党首選挙を実施し、オンタリオ州議会議員でオンタリオ新民主党 の元副党首であるジャグミート・シンをムルカイアの後任に選出した。[7] [8]
パーティーと順位
以下の表は、2015年の連邦選挙後に下院に代表される政党と、解散時の順位を示しています。
法案C-44
2017年に可決されたC-44法案では、議会予算局に選挙のための政党綱領の費用を計算する責任が与えられ、2019年の選挙でその見直しが行われた。議会予算局は今回の選挙の政党綱領の費用算出に50万ドルの予算を計上していたが、綱領の作成者からの要請があった場合にのみ見直しを行うと発表した。また、選挙運動に先立ち、無所属および政党の綱領案の非公開評価も実施した。このサービスは、エリザベス・メイの緑の党のように、下院で正式な政党資格を持たない政党を代表する国会議員にも利用可能であった。 [ 11]
選挙制度改革
2015年6月、トルドーは当選すれば選挙制度を改革すると約束し、「我々は2015年が小選挙区制の下で行われる最後の選挙となるよう尽力している」と述べた。[12] [13]自由党、新民主党、ブロック・ケベコワ、緑の党はいずれも改革に賛成していたため、次の連邦選挙までに異なる投票制度が導入されていた可能性もあった。[14]
下院の5つの政党の代表者からなる選挙制度改革特別委員会が結成された。委員会の報告書「カナダにおける民主主義の強化:選挙制度改革の原則、プロセス、国民の関与」は2016年12月に提出され、国民投票後に比例代表制を導入することを勧告した。超党派委員会の過半数は、「政府は新しい選挙制度を開発する際に、有権者の民意とその結果生じる議席配分との間の歪みを最小限に抑えるよう努めるべきである」と勧告した。[15] [16]
委員会の任務は、特定の代替システムを推奨することではなく、「実行可能な代替投票システムを特定し、調査すること」であった。[17]民主制度大臣の マリアム・モンセフは、委員会の勧告に批判的で、「委員会が小選挙区制に代わる具体的なシステムを提供してくれることを期待していたので、少しがっかりしたことを認めざるを得ない」と述べた。暫定保守党党首のロナ・アンブローズは、モンセフのコメントは「恥ずべきこと」であり、緑の党党首のエリザベス・メイは、「大臣は委員会を侮辱し、カナダ国民を誤解させることを選んだ」と述べた。[15]
2017年2月、トルドー首相は選挙制度改革への支持を撤回し、新たに任命された民主制度担当大臣カリナ・グールド氏に「新しい選挙制度に対する明確な支持は出ておらず、ましてや合意も出ていない。選挙制度の変更はあなたの任務には含まれないだろう」と述べ、改革を指示した。[18]イカルイトでの一般市民からの質問に答えて、トルドー首相は「それは我が国と我が国の将来にとって最善ではないと感じたからだ」と述べ、代替の選挙制度は「過激派や活動家の声」に過度の力を与え、国を分断する「不安定さと不確実性」を生み出す可能性があるとの懸念を表明した。[19]
トルドー政権の評価
2019年7月、独立した学術編集の研究「ジャスティン・トルドー自由党政権の評価:353の公約と変革への使命」がラヴァル大学出版局によって出版され、完全な公約と部分的な公約を合計すると、ジャスティン・トルドー政権は公約の92%を守り、ハーパー政権は完全な公約と部分的な公約の85%を守ったという結果が出ている。実現した公約の完了分だけを計算すると、最後の年にハーパー政権は公約の77%を守り、自由党政権は53.5%を守った。この本は、ハーパー政権の公約は特定の人口層を対象とする取引的な公約になる傾向があったのに対し、トルドー政権の公約は変革的なもの、つまり自由党が第3党だったときに行った野心的な公約だったと指摘している。研究者らによると、トルドー政権と「前ハーパー政権は、過去35年間のカナダのどの政権よりも選挙公約の履行率が高かった」という。[20] [21]
選挙費用
カナダ選挙管理委員会の規定によれば、6月30日から選挙運動開始までの選挙前期間に、第三者は1,023,400ドルを支出することが認められている。選挙運動中には、さらに511,700ドルを支出することができる。[22] [23]
政党および候補者への払い戻し
政党は選挙期間中に選挙費用の50パーセントの償還を受ける。同様に選挙区協会は選挙期間中に選挙費用の60パーセントの償還を受ける。どちらの償還も公的資金で賄われる。[24] [d]
登録された第三者
個人またはグループは、選挙前期間または選挙期間中に行われる規制対象活動で合計 500 ドル以上の費用が発生した後、直ちに第三者として登録する必要があります。規制対象活動とは、党派活動 (政党または候補者の宣伝)、選挙調査、党派広告、選挙広告です。さらに、第三者になるには、次の条件を満たしている必要があります。
- カナダ国民、永住者、またはカナダに居住する個人
- カナダで事業を営む法人、または
- グループの責任者がカナダ国民、永住者、またはカナダに居住している限り、グループに参加できます。
外国の第三者がカナダの選挙に影響を与えるために資金や資源を使うことはできません。
また、規制対象活動に関連する費用には厳しい制限があり、特定の選挙区で1人以上の候補者の選挙を促進または反対するために発生する可能性のある特定の制限もあります。登録された第三者は、選挙前期間に1,023,400ドルの選挙広告費用制限の対象となり、そのうち10,234ドルは特定の選挙区で使用でき、511,700ドルは選挙期間中に使用できます。その金額のうち、特定の選挙区で1人以上の候補者の選挙を促進または反対するために使用できるのは4,386ドルまでです。[25] [26] [27]
現職議員は再選に立候補しない
以下は、2019年の連邦選挙に出馬しないことを選択した44人の国会議員です。
- ^ 解散時の所属
- ^ 1988年から1993年、1997年から2009年まで国会議員を務めた。
- ^ 2004年から2011年まで国会議員を務めた
- ^ 引退を発表、選挙前に死去
- ^ NDPに選出
- ^ abcが 自由党に選出
- ^ 保守党に選出
タイムライン
- ^ 依存症の治療を求める
- ^ アルバータ州進歩保守協会の指導者を求めるため
- ^ 欧州連合大使に就任
- ^ 中国大使に就任
- ^ セクハラ疑惑が浮上
- ^ 元公共サービス・調達大臣
- ^ 2018年のブリティッシュコロンビア州自由党党首選挙への出馬後
- ^ 嫌がらせ疑惑について
- ^ バンクーバー市長に立候補
- ^ セクスティングスキャンダルの結果として
- ^ ギャンブル依存症の治療を求める
- ^ ナナイモ州選挙区に立候補する
- ^ SNC-ラバリン事件のさなか
- ^ 保守党議員在任中に癌で死去
- ^ 2019年のカナダ連邦選挙で緑の党から出馬予定
2015
- 2015年10月19日:カナダ自由党が第42回カナダ連邦選挙で過半数政権を獲得。退任するスティーブン・ハーパー首相はカナダ保守党の党首を辞任する意向を発表。[113]
- 2015 年 10 月 22 日:ジル・デュセッペ氏がケベックブロック党首を辞任し、暫定的にリヴィエール・デュ・ノール州議員のレアル・フォルタン氏が後任となる。[114]
- 2015年11月4日:ジャスティン・トルドーがカナダの第23代 首相に就任。[115]
- 2015年11月5日:スタージョン・リバー・パークランド選出の国会議員で元閣僚のロナ・アンブローズが保守党暫定党首に選出される。[116]
- 2015年12月3日:第42回国会が召集される。[117]
2016
- 2016年3月23日:メディシンハット-カードストン-ワーナー選挙区の保守党議員ジム・ヒリヤーが心臓発作で死去。[118]
- 2016年4月10日:2016年NDP大会の代表者の52%が、 24ヶ月以内に党首選挙を行うという党首再検討動議に賛成票を投じた。 [7]党首のトム・ムルカイは、後任が選ばれるまで党首として留まると発表した。[119]
- 2016 年 8 月 15 日:マウリル・ベランジェ、オタワの自由党議員、バニエがALSで死去。[120]
- 2016年8月26日:元首相スティーブン・ハーパー(カルガリー・ヘリテージ選挙区の保守党議員)が下院議員を辞任。[121]
- 2016年9月9日:前回の選挙で17人の候補者のうち3人が現職議員だったStrength in Democracy党が、政党としての地位を維持するための書類を提出しなかったため、カナダ選挙管理委員会によって登録抹消された。[122]
- 2016年9月23日:カルガリー・ミドナポレの保守党国会議員ジェイソン・ケニーが議席を辞任し、アルバータ州進歩保守党の指導者を目指す。[123]
2017
- 2017年2月1日:マークハム-ソーンヒル選挙区の自由党議員ジョン・マッカラムが議員を辞任し、中国大使に就任。[124]
- 2017年2月6日:サンローラン選出の自由党議員ステファン・ディオンが議員を辞任し、駐ドイツ大使およびカナダの欧州連合およびヨーロッパ担当特使に就任。[125]
- 2017 年 3 月 18 日: Martine Ouelletは ケベックブロックのリーダーとして高く評価されています。[4]
- 2017年5月27日:アンドリュー・シェアがカナダ保守党の党首に選出される。[126]
- 2017年7月4日:スタージョン・リバー-パークランド選挙区の保守党議員、ローナ・アンブローズが下院議員を辞任。[127]
- 2017年8月31日:カルガリー・スカイビュー選出の国会議員ダルシャン・カン氏がセクハラ疑惑により自由党議員団を辞任。[79]
- 2017年9月14日:スカボロー=アジャンクール選挙区の自由党議員アーノルド・チャンが癌で死去。[80] [81]
- 2017年10月1日:ジャグミート・シンが新民主党の党首に選出される。[128] [8]
- 2017年12月1日:シクーティミ-ルフィヨルド選挙区の自由党議員デニス・ルミューが下院議員を辞任。[129]
2018
- 2018年2月28日:マルティーヌ・ウエレット党首との対立を理由に、ケベックブロックの議員7名が党員集会から辞任し[88] 、いかなる選挙政党からも独立したまま議会目的のケベック議員連盟を設立した。[89]ケベックブロックの党員集会に残っているのは、ザビエル・バルサルー=デュヴァル(ピエール・ブーシェ―レ・パトリオット―ヴェルシェール)、マリオ・ボーリュー(ラ・ポワント・ド・リル)、マリレーヌ・ジル(マニクアガン)だけである。
- 2018年5月2日:リーズ・グレンヴィル・サウザンド・アイランズ・リドー・レイクス選挙区の保守党議員ゴード・ブラウンが心臓発作で死去。[92]
- 2018年5月9日:ケベック国会議員グループのメンバーが、新しい政党「ケベック・デボウ」を結成すると発表した。[130]
- 2018年6月4日:党首選で敗北した後、マルティーヌ・ウエレットは2018年6月11日付けでブロック・ケベコワ党首を辞任すると発表した。 [5]
- 2018年6月6日:テルボンヌとミラベルのケベック州デバ党議員であるミシェル・ブドリアスとシモン・マルシルは、マルティーヌ・ウエレット党首の辞任に伴い、ブロック・ケベコワ党員集会に復帰すると発表した。 [90]ブロックが前週末にケベックの主権のみに焦点を当てる投票を行ったことを理由に、ケベック州デバ党のスポークスマンであるリアル・フォータンは、自分と党の他の4人の議員はブロック・ケベコワ党に復帰しないことを発表した。[90]
- 2018年8月3日:トム・ムルケア(ニューデリーの新民主党議員、ウトルモント選出)が下院議員を辞任。[131]
- 2018年8月23日:ボース選出議員マキシム・ベルニエがアンドリュー・シェアの指導方針に反対し保守党議員団を辞任。ベルニエは新たな連邦政党を結成する意向を発表。[98]
- 2018年9月14日:
- 保守党議員団を離脱してから3週間後、ボース選出議員マキシム・ベルニエはカナダ人民党を正式に結成し、同党の初代議員となった。[132]
- バーナビー南部のNDP議員ケネディ・スチュワートがバンクーバー市長選に立候補するため辞職し、選挙区内で補欠選挙が行われることになった。[133]
- 2018年9月17日:
- ケベック州のデビュー議員5人全員-レアル・フォルタン(リヴィエール・デュ・ノール)、モニーク・ポーゼ(レペンティニー)、ルイ・プラモンドン(ベカンクール-ニコレット-ソレル)、ガブリエル・サント・マリー(ジョリエット)、リュック・テリオー(モンカルム)ブロック・ケベックに再加盟し[91]、ケベック大会を正式に解散する。
- オーロラ・オークリッジ・リッチモンドヒル選挙区の自由党国会議員レオナ・アレズレーヴは、経済、外交・安全保障政策、国際貿易に対する自由党の対応に懸念を示し、保守党に加わった。 [100]
- 2018年9月30日:ヨーク-シムコー選挙区の保守党議員ピーター・ヴァン・ローン氏が下院議員を辞任。[134]
- 2018年11月7日:パリーサウンド・マスコーカ選出の国会議員トニー・クレメントは、セクスティングスキャンダルのため、党首アンドリュー・シェアの要請により保守党議員団を辞任した。[135]
- 2018年11月30日:ブランプトン東選出議員ラジ・グレワルがギャンブル依存症の治療のため自由党議員団を辞任。[103] [104]
2019
- 2019年1月2日:ナナイモ-レディスミス選挙区のNDP国会議員シーラ・マルコムソンが、ブリティッシュコロンビア州ナナイモ選挙区の選挙に立候補するため議員を辞任した。[105]
- 2019年1月17日:1月15日の立候補締め切りまでに他の候補者が立候補しなかったため、イヴ・フランソワ・ブランシェがブロック・ケベコワのリーダーとして称賛された。[6]
- 2019年1月29日:サン=レオナール=サン=ミシェル選挙区の自由党議員ニコラ・ディ・イオリオが下院議員を辞任した。[107]
- 2019年2月10日:キングス-ハンツ選挙区の自由党議員スコット・ブリソンが下院議員を辞任した。[108]
- 2019年2月25日:補欠選挙がアウトレモン、ヨーク-シムコー、バーナビーサウスで行われ、それぞれ自由党のレイチェル・ベンダヤン、保守党のスコット・デイビッドソン、新民主党のジャグミート・シンが選出された。
- 2019年3月20日:ウィットビー選出議員セリーナ・シーザー・シャヴァンヌが自由党議員団を辞任した。[109]
- 2019年4月2日:マーカム・ストーフビル選出議員ジェーン・フィルポットとバンクーバー・グランビル選出議員ジョディ・ウィルソン・レイボールドが自由党議員団から除名された。[110]
- 2019年5月6日:ナナイモ・レディスミスで補欠選挙が行われ、緑の党候補のポール・マンリーが当選した。[106]
- 2019年6月20日:ラングレー-アルダーグローブ選挙区の保守党議員マーク・ワラワが癌で死去。[136]
- 2019年8月2日:カルガリー・フォレスト・ローンの保守党議員ディーパック・オブライ氏が肝臓癌で死去。[137]
- 2019年8月16日:ピエール・ナンテルはカナダ緑の党への入党に関する協議が継続しているとの報道を受けて、新民主党の議員団から外され、ロンゲール=サン=ユベール選挙区の新民主党候補からも外された。[138]彼は現在、無所属の国会議員であることを発表しました。
- 2019年8月19日:ピエール・ナンテルは、現議会の任期が終了するまで無所属議員であり続けることを改めて表明し、次期議会選挙ではカナダ緑の党から立候補すると発表した。 [139] [10]
- 2019年9月10日:サイ党は、国民党のリーダーであるマキシム・ベルニエの選挙区であるボースで、マキシム・ベルニエという候補者を指名した。[140]
- 2019年9月11日:議会が解散され、選挙令状が取り下げられる。[141]
- 2019年9月13日:エリザベス・メイは、一部の緑の党候補者が過去に中絶合法化に反対する発言をしていたとのメディア報道を受けて、党が候補者の「再審査」をより徹底的に行うと発表した。[142]
- 2019年9月15日:アンドリュー・シェアーは、候補者が謝罪し、その発言に責任を取る限り、過去の「物議を醸した」発言にもかかわらず候補者を支持すると述べた。[143] [144]
- 2019年9月16日:デイビッド・ジョンストン委員が人民党が討論会の基準を満たしていると発表した後、マキシム・ベルニエは党首討論会委員会が主催する討論会に正式に招待された。 [145]
- 2019年10月11日~14日:事前投票が行われ、推定470万人の有権者が過去最多の投票を行い、2015年の総選挙より29%の投票率増加となった。また、投票所が毎日12時間開かれたのも初めてのことであった。[146] [147]
- 2019年10月18日:カナダ選挙管理委員会は、海外の有権者の投票率が過去最高を記録し、21,842人の有権者が投票したと報告した。[148]
- 2019年10月21日:選挙日:現職首相ジャスティン・トルドー率いる自由党が157議席で少数派政権を樹立。
推薦
キャンペーンスローガン
選挙運動
リベラル
カナダ議会の倫理委員マリオ・ディオンは、トルドー首相が当時の法務大臣兼司法長官 ジョディ・ウィルソン=レイボールド氏に、ケベック州に拠点を置く建設会社SNC-ラバリンに対する進行中の刑事事件に介入するよう不当に影響を及ぼしたと認定した。[184]トルドー政権は、不当な圧力や法律違反はなく、SNC-ラバリンに起訴猶予合意(DPA)を提示すれば雇用を守れる可能性があり、この論争は誤解と「信頼の低下」から生じたものだと主張している。この事件は、ウィルソン=レイボールド氏が別の閣僚に異動になった直後の2019年2月に公になった。ウィルソン=レイボールド氏はその日遅くに閣僚を辞任した。これに続いて、政府の事件処理をめぐってジェーン・フィルポット閣僚が辞任した。 4月、ウィルソン=レイボルドとフィルポットはトルドーによって自由党議員団から追放された。トルドーは自由党内の分裂とそれに伴う弱体化への懸念を理由に挙げた。2019年4月2日、バンクーバー・グランビル選挙区の自由党候補だったウィルソン=レイボルドと、マークハム・スタフビル選挙区の自由党候補だったフィルポットは候補者から外された。[185]
8月下旬、レジャイナ=ワスカナ選挙区の自由党候補で党副党首のラルフ・グッデール、カーディガン選挙区の候補ローレンス・マコーレー、ラック・サン=ルイ選挙区の候補フランシス・スカルパレッジャが同性婚反対を理由に特に非難された。評論家らは、シェアー議員との役割と同性婚事件を理由にグッデールは偽善的であると主張した。[186] [187]グッデールは後に、この立場について考えが変わったと述べ、シェアー議員から回答を得たいと述べた。[188]
8月30日、サン・レオナール=サン・ミシェル選挙区の自由党候補者ハッサン・ギエは、ブナイ・ブリスからの反ユダヤ的発言の申し立てを受けて候補者から外された。[189]ギエの指名は以前、彼の民族性がイタリア系住民が多数を占める選挙区にそぐわないのではないかという懸念を引き起こした。[190]ギエはこの申し立てを否定し、自由党はポストの存在を知っており、彼の代わりのパトリシア・ラッタンツィオを選挙区に「押し付けた」と主張した。[191] 9月20日、ギエは無所属で立候補すると発表した。[192]
ピエールフォン=ドラール選挙区の自由党候補者サミール・ズベリは、ソーシャルメディアの投稿でオサマ・ビン・ラディンの9/11への関与を疑問視していたにもかかわらず、9月15日に指名された。[193]ズベリは、この告発は虚偽であり、保守党が過激派や白人至上主義の傾向を持つ自党の候補者から注目をそらすための試みだと述べた。[194]
9月18日、ドラモンドビルのL'Express紙は、ドラモンドの自由党候補ウィリアム・モラレスの指名獲得式に、有罪判決を受けた犯罪者2人が出席したと報じた。モラレスは、ドラモンドビルのコミュニティのスペイン語圏のメンバーと連絡を取り合っているが、この2人は彼の選挙運動には関わっておらず、親密な関係にはないと述べた。[195]彼は後に地元紙に、メンバーの経歴に関係なく交流していると語った。[196]
9月18日、トルドーは、2001年に教師をしていたウェストポイント・グレイ・アカデミーのパーティーにブラウンフェイスメイクを施した写真をタイム誌に掲載したことで物議を醸した。トルドーはそれを間違いと呼び、公に謝罪した。 [197] [198]謝罪の際、トルドーは高校時代に同様のメイクを施していたことも告白した。[199]謝罪後、トルドーが1990年代初頭にブラックフェイスメイクを施していたことが明らかになった。[200] [199]翌日、トルドーは再度謝罪し、「もうあの人ではない」と述べた。[201] [202] [203]彼はまた、それは「メイク」ではなくブラックフェイスと呼ぶべきだと述べた。[202]自由党が保守党候補者の過去の悪行を暴露したため、一部の評論家はこれを偽善的だと評した。[204] [205]トルドーは国民からさまざまな反応を引き出しました。動揺して投票先を変えることを考えた人もいましたが[206] [207]、一方で少数派、少数派コミュニティーグループ、人種差別的なコメンテーター、反対派の一部など彼を擁護する人もいました。[207] [208] [209] [210] [211] [212]その後、トルドーはジャグミート・シンに個人的に謝罪したいと発表したが、シンは「政治とは無関係」でプライベートな謝罪であればトルドーと会うと答えました。[213]発表後、シンは9月24日にトルドーから電話を受け、15分から20分ほど個人的に話をしました。[214]スキャンダル後の数日間、世論調査では、カナダ人の大多数はスキャンダルに悩まされていないか、トルドーの謝罪を受け入れたと指摘しました。[215] [216]
9月23日、カルガリー・シェパード選挙区の自由党候補デル・アーノルドは、彼の居住地について誤解を招く情報を拡散したとして、保守党のライバルであるトム・クミエックに謝罪した。アーノルドは、アンドリュー・シェアが「白人至上主義」と2017年にバージニア州で行われた「団結右翼」集会と関係があると非難した削除されたツイートについては謝罪していない。[217]
9月28日、ハンバー・リバー=ブラック・クリーク選挙区の自由党候補者ジュディ・スグロは、ラジオ局GBKM FMのインタビューで、トルドー首相のブラウンフェイス/ブラックフェイスのメイクを擁護する発言をした。「黒人コミュニティの人たちは、首相への愛が増したと私に話してくれた。首相は黒い顔になりたかった。それに大きな誇りを持っていたとも」。彼女は後に発言について謝罪し、「GBKM FMでのコメントは無神経だった」と述べ、さらに「もっとよく知っておくべきだった。謝罪する」と付け加えた。[218] [219] [220]
10月13日、治安上の脅威により、トルドーは選挙集会に90分遅れて現れた。トルドーは集会で特別な安全対策を講じた。彼は防弾チョッキを着用し、重武装した警備員に囲まれていた。彼の妻も彼を紹介することになっていたが、彼女はステージに現れなかった。自由党は脅威の性質を明らかにしなかった。[221] [222] [223]脅迫を受けて、シェアーとシンの両氏はトルドーを心配した。[222] [224]翌日、RCMPはまだ自由党党首と一緒にいた。[225]さらに、トルドーはRCMPからのアドバイスに従い、この出来事によって選挙活動のやり方が変わることはないと説明した。[224] [226]
10月14日、トルドー首相は少数派シナリオでのNDPとの連立の可能性についての複数の質問を避け、過半数獲得に引き続き注力していると答えた。[227] [228]
保守的
就任して約1年後、世論調査によると、オンタリオ州進歩保守党のダグ・フォード州首相の人気が非常に低く、場合によっては政権を失ったオンタリオ州自由党のキャサリン・ウィン前首相よりも人気が低かったため、[229] [230] [231]有権者はシェアーに投票することを思いとどまったかもしれない。[232] [233]このことはCPC内部の人々を不安にさせ、オンタリオ州進歩保守党は連邦保守党を支援するために否定的な報道を減らすために州議会の長期休会を要請した。[234] [231]保守党が選挙に負けた場合、シェアーは党首見直しの際にフォードのせいにすると誓った。[231]そのため、選挙戦に先立ちアンドリュー・シェアーはフォードと距離を置き、後に彼抜きで選挙戦を行った。[235] [236]一方、自由党とシーアの反対派は、シーアとフォード首相を何度も結びつけることで、フォードの不人気を利用しようとした。[237] [238] [239]
選挙戦の前と最中に、CPCの候補者数名が脱落した。4月25日、ダッファリン=カレドン選挙区の候補者ハルザダン・カトラは、同僚候補者が党に「党員買収、不正投票、その他の懸念」に関する検証可能な情報を送ったため失格となった。[240] 6月28日、ロンドン北部中央選挙区の候補者サリム・マンスールは、自由党がマンスールの経歴をイスラム嫌悪と特徴づけるのではないかとの恐れから失格となった。[241] 7月10日、ニピシング=ティミスカミング選挙区の候補者マーク・キングは、議論の余地のある理由で指名を剥奪された。[242] [243] 9月12日、ウィニペグ北部選挙区の保守党候補者キャメロン・オギルビーは、保守党が「差別的」と評したソーシャルメディアの投稿が公表されていないことを党が知った後、候補者を辞任した。[244] 10月4日、党はバーナビー・ノース=シーモア選挙区の候補者ヘザー・レオンの候補者資格を剥奪したと発表した。2011年の動画で反LGBTQの発言をしたとの報道があったためである。[245] [246]候補者指名の締め切りが過ぎていたため、彼女の名前は投票用紙に残った。[247] [246]彼女が当選した場合、党の党員集会には参加しない。[248]彼女が指名された時点では「よく知られた存在」だったのに、なぜ党が彼女を排除するのにこれほど時間がかかったのかという疑問が提起された。[249] [250]彼女は過去に反LGBTQや中絶反対の発言をしており、何ヶ月もメディアを無視していた。[251] [250] [252]彼女の選挙区協会も、ソーシャルメディアの物議を醸す投稿で批判されていた。[251] [246] 10月10日、梁氏は英語が第三言語であるため、自分の発言が誤解され、翻訳で失われたと主張した。しかし、彼女は自分の発言について謝罪しなかった。[253]
7月10日、ピカリング-アクスブリッジ選挙区の保守党候補者であるシマ・ムサラト氏は、不適切な投票手続きを利用して指名を勝ち取ったとの党員からの告発に直面した。[254]保守党は、党本部が別の候補者を見つけるために指名争いを遅らせていたとの非難に直面した。[255] 7月24日から9月15日にかけて、ガダ・メレク氏が注目を集めた。ミシサガ-ストリートズビル選挙区のこの保守党候補者は、イスラム過激主義に関するツイッターの投稿を理由に、州選挙区の候補者として拒否されたことが、オンタリオ進歩保守党の元組織者によって明らかにされた。[256]カナダムスリム全国評議会は、メレク氏のイスラム教とLGBT+コミュニティに関するツイッターの投稿を問題視した。[257] [258]その後、CTVニュースは彼女の州審査報告書を入手し、陰謀論の推進が彼女の失格のもう一つの要因であるとみなされた。[259]州政党がメレクを赤旗で警告したことについて尋ねられたとき、シェアーは再び彼女を擁護した。[260]
8月22日、シェアーは2005年のオンライン動画で同性婚に反対する発言をしたことについて質問を受けた。[261]シェアー自身は1週間後の記者会見でトルドーが分断問題を提起していると主張するまで回答しなかった。 [262]何人かの専門家は彼の回答に異議を唱えた。[263] [264]数週間後、シェアーは候補者に設定した基準を示したコメントについて謝罪する必要があるかと尋ねられたが、彼は何も答えなかった。[265]トルドーがブラックフェイスについて謝罪した後、シェアーは自分の発言について謝罪する必要があるかと再度尋ねられたが、彼は何も答えなかった。[266] [267]シェアーは再び、ケベックの人気トークショー「Tout le monde en parle」でこの質問に直接答えないことを選択した。彼は、法律とカナダ人の権利を支持するが、プライドパレードには参加しないと述べた。[268]
8月26日から30日にかけて、保守党は中絶について質問を受けた。ケベック州でシーア党の補佐官を務めるアラン・レイエスは、ケベック州のラジオ局で、党の中絶に関する立場について誤った発言をしたと語り、注目を集めた。 [269]数日後、シーア党首は記者会見を開き、この問題について語った。しかし、彼の回答はメディアで混乱を招くと見られ、中絶反対活動家は彼の回答が矛盾したメッセージであると感じた。[270] [271]翌日、シーア党首は、もし議論が再開されたら、自分と閣僚は中絶反対法案に反対票を投じると述べた。[272]シーア党首は、Tout le monde en parleでもこの発言を繰り返した。[268] TVA討論会でライバルたちが彼に立場を明確にするよう迫った翌日、シェアーは自分がプロライフ派であると述べたが、中絶反対法案に関して過去に述べたことを繰り返した。[273] [274]
9月12日、ヨーク・センター選挙区の保守党候補レイチェル・ウィルソンは、プロライフ法の制定を求める動画をネット上に投稿し注目を集めた。[275]ウィルソンは中絶法について質問されたがコメントしなかった。 [276] 9月13日、ブランプトン・ノース選挙区の保守党候補アルパン・カーナは、友人をからかうために「 fag 」という侮辱語を何気なく使っていたことが明らかになり、謝罪した。 [277] 9月14日、カナタ・カールトン選挙区の保守党候補ジャスティーナ・マカフリーは、ジャスティン・トルドーとフランス語圏の人々、そしてフェイス・ゴールディとの関係について動画で否定的な発言をしたことで注目を集めた。[278]彼女は記者団に問い詰められて選挙イベントを立ち去ったが、後に声明を発表して発言を謝罪し、ゴールディとの関係はずっと前に終わったと述べた。[278] [279]しかし、2017年には2人が一緒に写った写真があり、そのうちの1枚にはゴールディが「OKサイン」をしている写真があった。[280] [281] [282]保守党の選挙対策本部長ハミッシュ・マーシャルがレベル・メディアの取締役を務めていた過去も疑問視された。ゴールディは解雇される前はタレントとして活躍していたためだ。[283] [284] 10月7日、カナディアン・プレスはマカフリーが物議を醸している宗教団体オプス・デイのメンバーであることを発見した。CPCのスポークスマンは、候補者の個人的な宗教的信念については質問しないと答えた。[285]
9月28日、グローブ・アンド・メール紙は、シェアー氏が過去にサスカチュワン州で保険代理店またはブローカーとして働くために法律で義務付けられている免許を取得したと主張していたにもかかわらず、その記録は見つからなかったと明らかにした。[286] [287] [288] グローブ・アンド・メール紙のオタワ支局長ロバート・ファイフ氏は、シェアー氏は保険事務員であったと説明した。[289]シェアー氏は、資格は取得したが、免許取得プロセスが完了する前に保険事務所を辞めたと答えた。[288] [290]その後、サスカチュワン州保険ブローカー協会は、シェアー氏は保険ブローカーになるために必要な4つのコースのうち1つしか修了していないと述べた。IBASはそれ以上のコメントを拒否し、自由党議員マルコ・メンディチーノ氏がサスカチュワン州保険協議会に正式な苦情を申し立てたと述べた。[291] [292]
10月3日、グローブ・アンド・メール紙は、シーア氏がカナダとアメリカの二重国籍を持っていることを明らかにした。アメリカの二重国籍は、アメリカ生まれの父親を通じて取得したものである。 [293] [294]彼は8月にアメリカ国籍離脱の手続きを開始した。 [294] [295]シーア氏は、アメリカの納税申告書を提出したことを認めた。党のスポークスマンは、シーア氏がアメリカのパスポートを失効させており、アメリカの選挙で投票していないと付け加えた。[296]党は、シーア氏がアメリカ選択的徴兵制度の下で徴兵対象者に登録されていることを確認した。これは、国家非常事態の際に軍隊に徴兵される可能性のある個人のリストである。[297] [298]これまで二重国籍であることを明らかにしていなかった理由を尋ねられたシーア氏は、そのことについて尋ねられたことは一度もないと述べた。[299]シーアは元総督ミカエル・ジャンをこの同じ問題で攻撃しており、保守党もトーマス・ムルケアとステファン・ディオンをこの件で攻撃していたため、これは偽善的だとみなされた。[293] [294] [300]シーアは前者については有権者に質問しているだけだと弁護し、後者に関しては当時自分が党を率いていなかったと述べた。[296] [301]その後数日間、彼は有効な米国パスポートを持たずに米国に渡航した経緯を説明することを拒否した。米国民が有効な米国パスポートを持たずに渡航することは違法である。[302]
10月11日、CBCはカナダ連邦裁判所に、保守党がテレビの抜粋を党派的宣伝に使用したとして訴訟を起こした。同党は、抜粋の使用がニュースキャスターのローズマリー・バートンと記者のジョン・ポール・タスカーの「著作者人格権」を侵害していると主張した。この訴訟は、その素材がウェブサイトから削除され、ツイッターからも削除されていたにもかかわらず起こされた。CBCは、そのような使用が繰り返されないという保証は与えられていないと述べた。訴訟では、その素材を党派的に使用することはCBCの「評判を落とす」ものであり、偏向しているという非難を受けやすいとしている。[303] [304] [305] [306]
10月14日、シーアはブロック・ケベコワとの連立や交渉を否定した。彼は「ケベックに結果をもたらすためにブロック・ケベコワと協力する必要はない」と述べ、ケベック州首相フランソワ・ルゴーと協力すれば結果をもたらすことができると述べた。[307] [228] 10月16日、シーアは最多議席を獲得した政党が政権を樹立する権利を持つべきだと述べた。[308] [309]翌日、彼は主張を堅持し、それが現代史で起こったことだと付け加えた。[310]ジャーナリストはそうではないと指摘し、2018年のニューブランズウィック州総選挙や2017年のブリティッシュコロンビア州総選挙などの例を挙げた。[311] [312] [313] [314]
10月18日と19日、グローブ・アンド・メール紙とCBCニュースは、保守党がウォーレン・キンセラを人民党を「捜索し破壊する」ために雇ったと暴露した。[315] [316]バーニエは、カナダ選挙管理委員会に「党を中傷する秘密のキャンペーン」と称する苦情を申し立てた。 [ 317] [318]シーアは、保守党が人民党を破壊するためにコンサルタントを雇ったことについては言及も否定もしなかった。[319] [320]
新民主党
NDPの候補者は選挙期間中に落選したり辞退したりした。6月20日、ダートマス・コールハーバー選挙区の候補者ラナ・ザマンは、イスラエルとパレスチナの紛争に関する党が「容認できない」とみなす発言をしたため落選した。 [321]
8月16日、ロンゲール=サン=テュベール選挙区の候補者ピエール・ナンテルは、ナンテルがカナダ緑の党に入党する協議が続いているとの報道を受けて選挙から外された。[322] 9月11日、カムループス=トンプソン=カリブー選挙区の候補者ドック・カリーは、パイプライン推進派の活動家に対する「軽薄で攻撃的な」発言を理由に辞任を余儀なくされた。[323]翌日、ラサール=エマール=ベルダン選挙区の候補者オリビエ・マチューは、元配偶者に対する身体的虐待の疑惑を受けて辞任した。[324]
選挙中、ジャグミート・シンはターバンの着用について、またそれが彼に投票する人の数を減らすのではないかという質問に直面した。緑の党に移った元NDP大西洋岸カナダ担当執行部員のジョナサン・リチャードソンはCBCラジオのインタビューで、シンのターバンのせいでNDPの候補者の中にはニューブランズウィック州での立候補をためらう人もいると述べた。[325] CTVニュースはオンタリオ州バーナーでのシンのイベントを取材し、そこでNDP支持者を含む多くの有権者と話したが、彼らはターバンを着けているリーダーには投票しないと述べた。[326] CBCニュースはルース・エレン・ブロソーの選挙区でも同様の反応があったことを発見した。[327]シンはこれらの懸念に応えた。彼はターバンについていくつか説明し、人々の不安を和らげるためにターバンなしでフランス語の広告を録画した。[328] [329]さらに、同党の副党首でケベック州副知事のアレクサンドル・ブレリス氏によると、NDPは若い有権者をターゲットにしており、彼らはターバンを気にしていないという。[330]
10月2日、ある男性がシン氏に、選挙活動中によりカナダ人らしく見えるようにターバンを切るよう言った。シン氏は立ち去る前に「カナダ人はいろいろな人のように見える」と答えた。[331] [332]
選挙運動中、シン氏は少数派になった場合に何をするかを語った。8月22日、同性婚に関するシェア氏の以前の発言をめぐる論争を受けて、シン氏はNDPはいかなる状況下でも保守党の少数派政権を支持しないと発表した。[333] 9月22日、シン氏はトルドー氏の過去のブラウンフェイスやブラックフェイス事件にもかかわらず、少数派のシナリオでは自由党と協力する可能性を排除しないと発表した。[334] 10月10日、シン氏は少数派議会でNDPを支持するための条件を提示した。国民単一支払者ユニバーサルファーマケア計画、国民歯科医療計画、住宅への投資、学生ローンの利子免除計画、排出量削減の公約、石油会社への補助金の廃止と石油産業からの脱却のための石油産業労働者への支援の提供、「超富裕税」の導入、税の抜け穴を塞ぎ携帯電話料金を引き下げる公約である。彼は後に、国の投票方法の変更も条件であると付け加えた(シン氏のNDPは混合比例代表制を支持している)。[335] [336]彼は、パイプラインを所有する自由党の少数政権を支持する可能性も排除していないと付け加えた。[337] 10月13日、シン氏は保守党を政権から遠ざけるために「何でもする」と述べ、自由党との連立政権の樹立もその1つだとした。彼はブロックについて尋ねられたとき、「誰とでも協力する用意がある」と付け加えた。[338] [339]翌日、シン氏はこれらの発言を撤回し、国民皆保険や歯科治療などのサービスを受けるためにNDPに投票するようカナダ国民に促した。[228] [340] [341]その後、シン氏は連立は汚い言葉ではないと述べ、いかなる状況でも党は少数派の保守党を支持することはないとの見解を強めた。[342]
ブロック・ケベコワ
8月9日、アフンシック=カルティエヴィル選挙区のブロック候補アンドレ・パリゾーは、ケベック共産党(PCQ)の党首として共産党と過去に関係していたことで注目を集めた。[343]パリゾーは候補者として認められるためにPCQを否定した。[344]
10月、ブロック・ケベコワはケベック州民に、選挙では「あなた方に似た候補者」(「des gens qui nous ressemblent」)に投票するよう呼びかけ、NDPのジャグミート・シン党首は、このメッセージは受け入れがたく、分裂を招くものだと非難した。水曜日のフランス語討論会での締めくくりの声明で、ブロック党首のイヴ・フランソワ・ブランシェは、有権者に「あなた方に似ていて、あなた方の価値観や懸念を共有し、あなた方の利益のため、そしてケベック州民の利益のためだけに働く男性や女性を選ぶ」よう呼びかけた。ブロックは、この発言は個人の経歴や宗教とは関係なく、ケベック州の価値観と関係があると述べた。[345] [346] [347] [348]英語の議論の中で、ブランシェットは自分の言葉の翻訳が不誠実であると述べ、同じ言葉が2011年にイグニアティエフ、 2015年にムルケアによって使用されたことに言及した。 [349]
10月10日、ル・ジュルナル・ド・モントリオールは、 BQの候補者4人がソーシャルメディアに反イスラム的で人種差別的な投稿をしていたことを発見した。[350] [351]ブロックの広報担当者は、候補者のソーシャルメディアの投稿を判断するのはケベック州民であると述べた。[351]エリザベス・メイ、ジャグミート・シン、メラニー・ジョリー、フランソワーズ・ダヴィッドは、この発言を非難した。[352]その後、候補者全員がそれぞれのソーシャルメディアアカウントで同じ謝罪を投稿し、イヴ・フランソワ・ブランシェは、候補者のイスラム嫌悪と人種差別的なソーシャルメディアの投稿について謝罪した。[353] [354]
10月13日、ブランシェットは連立政権や少数派政党を支持しないと発表した。ブロックは問題ごとに検討し、ケベックにとって最善のものを支持する。[355] [356]
緑の党
選挙運動の過程で、GPCの候補者数名が落選または辞退した。7月23日、ピーターボロ=カワルタ選挙区の緑の党候補者ブロック・グリルズ氏が「個人的な理由」で辞任した。グリルズは元雇用主から詐欺の疑いをかけられていたが、彼とEDA会長は、その疑いが辞任の理由ではないと述べた。グリルズ氏は自身の理由を繰り返し、他の政党に働きかけて気候変動を抑制する政策を採用するよう求めていたため、緑の党本部が辞任を「迫った」と述べた。[357] 8月16日、レヴィ=ロトビニエール選挙区の緑の党候補者リュック・サンティレール氏は、ケベック・イスラム文化センターの共同創設者ブフェルジャ・ベナブダラ氏に対し、元妻に火をつけたとされる男性を告発するよう要求するフェイスブックの投稿が原因で辞任を余儀なくされた。 [358] 9月12日、シムコー北部の緑の党候補エリック・ショーマンは、ムハンマド漫画論争の抗議者を支援するためにイスラム教徒に豚の死骸の一部を郵送したいと示唆したと思われる2007年のフェイスブックの投稿を理由に辞任した。[359] 10月7日、グレンガリー・プレスコット・ラッセルの候補者マルテ・レピーヌは、中絶反対のコメントを理由に落選したが、党が彼女を投票用紙から除外する期限に間に合わなかったため、否認されたにもかかわらず彼女は残った。[360]
9月9日、緑の党は声明を発表し、中絶論争が再開する可能性は「ゼロ」だと主張した。その数時間前、メイ首相はインタビューで、緑の党は党員が中絶論争を再開しようとすることを禁止しないと発言した。 [361]メイ首相は後に、議員らが論争再開に動けば失脚する恐れがあると付け加えた。[362] 9月10日から16日まで、ロンゲール=サン=テュベール選挙区の候補者ピエール・ナンテルに注目が集まった。彼はケベックのラジオ局でケベックの分離主義についてコメントしたことでこの注目を集めた。メイ首相はナンテルがケベック独立主義者であると反論したが、ナンテルはその後、メイ首相に反論した。[363]しかし、メイ首相は彼がまだ候補者になる可能性があると述べた。[142]ジャーナリストやコラムニストの中には、メイ首相が彼を候補者として残す理由に困惑した者もいた。[364] [365]さらにメイ首相は、故ジャック・レイトン氏の息子から、ナンテル氏を擁護する際にレイトン氏を政治的な論点として利用しないよう求められた。[366] 9月10日、チャタム・ケント・レミントン選挙区の候補者マーク・ヴェルクーテレン氏とルイ・エベール選挙区の候補者マカレナ・ディアブ氏が「中絶反対の発言」をしたことが明らかになった。[367]広報担当者は両者を擁護したが、数日後、メイ首相はヴェルクーテレン氏の質問票に党が気付かなかったためヴェルクーテレン氏が「再審査」を受けていることを明らかにした。[142]当初の発言が明らかにされてから1週間後、ヴェルクーテレン氏は自身の見解が党と一致していると述べた。[368] 9月12日、レジーナ・クアペル選挙区の緑の党候補者デール・デュワー氏は、過去にソーシャルメディアでイスラエル、シオニズム、イスラエル人について否定的な発言をしたことを謝罪した。[369]
10月15日、緑の党はケベック州の候補者4人による反イスラム的なソーシャルメディアの投稿を発見した。[370] [371]
9月23日から、GPCはエリザベス・メイ首相の写真を加工し、彼女が使い捨てカップではなく再利用可能なカップと金属ストローを使用しているように見せかけたことで、世界中から批判を浴びた。[372] [373] [374]メイ首相は『 Tout le monde en parle』に出演した際、元の写真には堆肥化可能なカップが写っており、写真にはGPCのロゴを追加したと明言した。彼女はスタッフが写真を加工したことはばかげていることを認めた。[375]
選挙運動の前後、メイ首相は少数派になった場合の対応について語った。9月3日、メイ首相は現在の気候変動対策計画を踏まえると、主要政党のいかなる少数派政権も支持する用意はないと発表した。[376]その後、9月26日、メイ首相はGPCはトランス・マウンテン・パイプライン拡張を進める少数派政権を支持しないと発表した。[377]選挙運動の最終週には連立政権の構想が定着した。メイ首相は、比例代表制の国では政党が選挙前に共同で政権を担う計画を立てることができるが、カナダでは小選挙区制のためそのような話は「無意味」だと述べた。[378] [379]
人民党
2019年2月、ラプレスはPPCのスポークスマンであるマーティン・マッセが過去に物議を醸すブログ記事を書いていたことを発見した。[380] スター紙はPPCの4人の議員が人種差別的かつ反移民的な発言をしていたことを発見した。その結果、彼らは党から除名された。[381] [382]ベルニエ自身も犬笛政治を行っているとして何度も非難されている。[383] [382] [384]ベルニエはこれに対し、人種差別主義者は彼の党には歓迎されないと述べ、カナダは多様性のある国であることを認めた。[385] [382]その後、マキシム・ベルニエが反移民団体のメンバーと撮った写真がネット上に流出し、反発を招いた。[386] [387]バーニエ氏はメディアに対し、自身のイベントには誰でも歓迎しており、参加者の意見は承知していない、メディアが参加者が人種差別主義者であることを示すことができれば非難する、また人種差別主義者は党に歓迎されないと語ったが、専門家はバーニエ氏に懐疑的で、誰が参加者であるかを彼はよく知っていると考えていた。[387]数週間後、バーニエ氏はポール・フロム氏と一緒に写真を撮られたことでも叱責された。広報担当者はバーニエ氏はフロム氏が誰であるか知らなかったと述べたが、専門家らはまたもやその説明に懐疑的だった。[388] [389] [390] 9月23日、ニュースサイトはPPCの創設メンバーの1人が白人至上主義者であり、他の2人が反移民団体とつながりがあることを明らかにした。 [391] [392]創設メンバーの1人である元アメリカ人ネオナチ指導者は党のボランティアをしていた。[393]彼は過去が明るみに出た後、8月29日に党から除名された。[394] PPCのスポークスマンは、彼は米国出身なので、審査の過程でそのことは話題に上らなかったと述べた。彼らは後にグローバルニュースに対して、彼の除名は党が人種差別に反対する姿勢を示した一例であると述べた。[391]党はル・ドゥヴォアに対し、PPC結成当初は彼らを審査する十分なリソースがなかったと語り、他の2人の党員は人種差別的な見解を持っていなかったと否定した。[395]
7月30日、カールトン・トレイル-イーグル・クリーク選挙区の人民党候補コーディ・パヤントは、リンゼイ・シェパードを擁護するソーシャルメディアの投稿で注目を集めた。パヤントは、その投稿が文脈を無視して引用されたと主張した。バーニエはパヤントと話し、彼の説明に満足した後、パヤントを擁護した。[396]
9月2日、マキシム・ベルニエはツイッターでグレタ・トゥーンベリを「精神的に不安定」と呼んだ。 [397]数日後、彼は自分の発言を撤回し、彼女の「気候警鐘を鳴らすスポークスマン」としての役割を批判するのが目的で、彼女をけなすつもりはなかったと述べた。 [ 398]選挙戦後、ベルニエはこれらの発言を選挙での唯一の後悔であり、間違いだったと位置付けた。[399]
9月18日、チャールズウッド=セントジェームズ=アシニボイア=ヘディングリー選挙区のピープルズ候補であるスティーブン・フレッチャーは、保守党の選挙ポスターと有権者データを違法に使用したという疑惑を否定した。フレッチャーはまた、この動きは保守党の政治的動機によるものであり、手紙がオンラインで漏洩したという事実を問題視した。[400] 2019年9月19日、ボーセジュール選挙区のピープルズ候補であるナンシー・メルシエは、イスラム主義と移民に関するコメントに対して地元組織から懸念を表明した。メルシエは、懸念はイスラムのテロリズムであり、いかなる人種のメンバーでもないと示唆した。[401] 10月10日、サックビル=プレストン=チェゼトクック選挙区の候補者であるシビル・ホッグは、イスラム教を「純粋な悪」と呼び、カナダでイスラム教を禁止すべきだと主張する一連の反イスラム的なツイートで非難を浴びた。 PPCの事務局長は彼女に連絡を取り、状況を理解するよう求めたが、ホッグ氏は彼女が「イスラム」と「イスラム主義」または「過激なイスラム」を区別できなかったと説明した。彼女は、自分が懸念しているのは過激なイスラムであってイスラムではないと付け加えた。この反応を受けて、PPCは彼女に対して行動を起こさないと述べた。その後、バーニエ氏はツイートを「完全に人種差別的でイスラム嫌悪的」と呼び、自分は罰せられないと断言した。[402] [403] [404]
選挙前には数人の候補者が落選または辞退した。9月6日、ポートヌーフ=ジャック=カルティエ選挙区のピープルズ候補ケン・ペレイラは「家族の悲惨な悲劇」を理由に辞退した。候補者として発表された際、ペレイラはオンラインで「反ワクチン」や「陰謀論支持」の投稿で注目を集めており、党によって擁護されていた。[405] 9月12日、コキットラム=ポートコキットラム選挙区のピープルズ候補ブライアン・ミセラは、ミセラのツイッターアカウントに投稿されたオンライン動画でバーニエに人種差別をより明確に非難するよう求めたために除名されたと主張した。しかし、PPCは、ミセラが党に自身の財務代理人であることを認めたとされ、カナダ選挙管理委員会の規則に違反したため除名されたと述べた。[277]しかし、シティニュースが入手したミセラの失格声明には、PPCの主張やミセラの主張への言及はなかった。[406] 9月30日、ノバスコシア州ウェストノバ選挙区の人民党候補者チャド・ハドソンは、カナダ選挙管理委員会が正式に候補者を登録する締め切りの2時間前を切って、もはや党から立候補しないとツイートした。彼は党とその指導部を「分裂的」であり、「民主主義に悪影響」を及ぼし、「政治の有害な状態」の一因となっていると批判した。ハドソンは後に、自分の決定を党に通知していなかったことを認めた。[407] 10月8日、ウィニペグ北部の人民党候補者ビクター・オンは、党が「人種差別的で非寛容」であると判断して辞職した。[408] [409]
第三者機関
8月19日、カナダ選挙管理委員会は環境保護団体に対し、選挙期間中に有料広告で気候変動に関する情報を宣伝する第三者は党派的活動に関与している可能性があると警告した。[410]慈善税の資格を持つ登録慈善団体は、広告やアンケート調査など、500ドルの負担となる党派的活動に従事した場合、選挙で第三者として登録しなければ慈善税の資格を失うリスクがある。[411]これらの規制は、カナダ人民党のリーダーであるマキシム・ベルニエが気候変動の正当性に疑問を表明したことによるもので、選挙期間中に気候変動の危険性を宣伝する第三者は、間接的に人民党に反対していると見なされる可能性がある。[411]この警告に関する混乱の後、カナダ選挙管理委員会は翌日、この禁止は広告のみに適用され、一般的な発言には適用されないことを明確にする公式声明を発表した。[412]
8月25日、カナダ人民党の移民政策を推進する第三者であるトゥルー・ノース・ストロング・アンド・フリー広告社が購入した「大量移民にノーを言おう」という文字の看板がバンクーバー、カルガリー、レジーナ、ハリファックスに出現した。トゥルー・ノース・ストロング・アンド・フリー広告社は、トロントを拠点とする鉱業探査会社の最高経営責任者であるフランク・スミンクが経営している。カナダ人民党は、このグループとは何の接触もしていないとメディアに語った。[413]当初、パティソン・アウトドア・アドバタイジング社は、広告基準カナダ規約に準拠していると主張して看板を擁護したが[414]、後に撤去を決定し、アドボカシー広告に関するプロトコルを見直すと述べた。[415]パティソン社長は後に、トゥルー・ノース・ストロング・アンド・フリーが看板に自分たちの名前を記し、一般の人々が彼らと連絡を取る方法を記載していれば、看板はそのまま残っていただろうと明かした。[416]
10月3日、CBCは、連邦選挙キャンペーン中に政治的なメッセージやミームを流す反自由党のフェイスブック・ページのネットワークの背後に、マニング・センターが資金力を持っていることを明らかにした。 [417] [418]フェイスブックは、過剰な暴力行為を理由に広告の1つを取り下げた。[419]マニング・センターがこれらの団体に寄付した30万ドル以上の寄付金は、第三者として登録していないこのシンクタンクには開示するつもりがないため、非公開となっている。カナダ選挙管理委員会は、外部の団体が資金を集め、その寄付金を第三者の広告主に渡すことを禁じる法律はない、と述べている。[420] [421]この開示不足の結果、デモクラシー・ウォッチはカナダの選挙管理委員会に苦情を申し立てた。同委員会は、マニング・センターは第三者として登録すべきだったと主張した。[22] [422]さらに、この論争を受けて、元選挙管理委員長のジャン=ピエール・キングスリーは、次期連邦政府は、マニング・センターが資金を集め、その寄付金の出所を明らかにせずに第三者団体に渡すことを許可した法律の抜け穴を埋めなければならないと述べた。[423]
プラットフォーム
Misinformation
During the Maclean's debate, Scheer said that refugees were "jumping the queue". Journalists called this a false statement and one expert explained that "there is no queue".[489][490]
On September 17, 2019, Brock Harrison, Scheer's director of communication, and the CPC tweeted that the RCMP had confirmed Trudeau was under investigation for SNC-Lavalin. Scheer himself also repeated the allegation. Both tweets were removed after journalists deemed it to be false.[491][492]
A claim was circulating online that Bill Morneau was related to RCMP Commissioner Brenda Lucki through her husband, which is what was stopping the RCMP investigation regarding SNC-Lavalin. The claim is false; Lucki's husband is not related to Morneau.[493][494] Furthermore, there has been no confirmation that there is an RCMP investigation.[491][492]
The Buffalo Chronicle, an American fake news website, promoted a false rumour about a sex scandal that supposedly resulted in Justin Trudeau's departure from West Point Grey Academy.[495][496] The rumour was propagated by other fake news websites, gossip magazines, Warren Kinsella and Ezra Levant. On October 7, 2019, the Conservatives issued a press release referencing the rumour and asking "why did Justin Trudeau leave West Point Grey Academy?". The Toronto Star and The Globe and Mail devoted multiple reporters to the story and found nothing to corroborate it. The former headmaster also released a statement that said "there is no truth to any speculation that [Trudeau] was dismissed".[497][498]
During the campaign, the NDP claimed Bill Morneau had used tax-havens when he was the executive chair of Morneau Shepell, which was proven false. A probe by Canadians for Tax Fairness found that Morneau Shepell's subsidiary in the Bahamas was a legitimate business and not a way to avoid taxes.[499] The NDP retracted the statement a few weeks after the campaign had ended.[500]
Leaders' debates
Opinion polls


Results

With 157, the Liberals won a plurality of seats in the House of Commons, allowing them to form a government albeit short of the majority government that they had won in 2015.
The Liberals, under incumbent Prime Minister Justin Trudeau won the highest number of seats, at 157, allowing them to form a minority government.[3] The Conservatives under Andrew Scheer remained the Official Opposition and, with 121 seats, formed the largest opposition caucus in Canadian history.[510][n] The Bloc Québécois won 32 seats under Yves-François Blanchet, the party's best result since 2008, and regained official party status after losing it in 2011, while the New Democratic Party under Jagmeet Singh was reduced to 24 seats, its worst results since 2004. The Greens saw its best result in the party's history, winning 3 seats, while independent MP Jody Wilson-Raybould was re-elected in the riding of Vancouver Granville and became the first independent to win a seat since 2008. The newly created People's Party, meanwhile, lost its only seat, with party leader Maxime Bernier losing re-election in the riding of Beauce. Aside from Bernier, every major party leader was able to secure election to the House of Commons.
Marking the first time in Canadian history that no single party received more than 35% of the popular vote,[2][511] the Conservatives won 34.41% of the popular vote, a plurality of the vote despite finishing 36 seats behind the Liberals, who won 33.07% of the vote. The NDP placed third in the popular vote at 15.98%, the party's worst performance since 2004, while the Bloc Québécois came in fourth with 7.69% of the popular vote, its best performance since 2008; as the Bloc Québécois vote is concentrated entirely in Quebec, however, the party placed ahead of the NDP in terms of seats despite winning less than half of the party's vote. The Greens placed fifth with 6.55% of the popular vote, while the People's Party received 1.64% in its inaugural election.[512]
Liberal strength was predominantly concentrated in Eastern Canada and British Columbia. In Ontario, the Liberals won 79 of the province's 121 seats, with a particularly strong showing in the Golden Horseshoe, where the party was not only able to fend off expected challenges from the Conservatives and the NDP but gain the Conservative-held ridings of Kitchener—Conestoga and Milton. In Quebec, the party won 35 of the province's 78 seats, with gains from the NDP (specifically the ridings of Hochelaga, Laurier—Sainte-Marie, Outremont, and Sherbrooke) offsetting losses to the Bloc Québécois, and with the party doing particularly well on the Island of Montreal where they got their best result since 1980. In Atlantic Canada, the Liberals won 26 out of the region's 32 seats, sweeping Prince Edward Island and winning all but a single seat in both Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia. In Western Canada, the party won only 15 of the region's 104 seats, winning 11 seats in British Columbia and 4 in Manitoba and being shut out of Alberta and Saskatchewan for the first time since 2011 and 1988, respectively. The best Liberal showing in Canada's west was in British Columbia, where they won 11 out of 42 seats. The Liberals also won two of the three territories, Yukon and the Northwest Territories.[513][514][515][o]
Conservative strength was predominantly concentrated in Western Canada, particularly in Alberta and Saskatchewan, where the party won all but one of the 48 seats between the two provinces. In British Columbia the Conservatives won 17 of the province's 42 seats, while in Manitoba the party won half the province's 14 seats, with the remainder split between the Liberals and NDP. The Conservatives increased their vote share in every district in three of those provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba). However, it only resulted in a net gain of 10 seats. In Ontario the party won 36 out of the province's 121 seats, an increase of three seats compared to 2015, with losses to the Liberals in the Golden Horseshoe being offset by gains from the Liberals and NDP elsewhere in the province, though Ontario was nevertheless only one of two provinces where the Conservatives saw their share of the popular vote decrease compared to 2015. In Quebec, the second province where the Conservatives won a lower share of the popular vote than they did in 2015, the party won 10 of the province's 78 seats. In Atlantic Canada, the party was able to win 4 of the region's 32 seats after having been shut out entirely in 2015, winning 3 in New Brunswick and a single seat in Nova Scotia, though the party remained shut out of Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island.[513][516][517]
Only running in Quebec, the Bloc Québécois won 32 of the province's 78 seats, with the party doing particularly well in the Greater Montreal Area.[515][o] Gaining seats from the Conservatives, Liberals, and in particular the NDP, compared to 2015 the party saw its share of the vote increase in all but one of the province's 78 seats, the one exception being the Montreal riding of Laurier—Sainte-Marie, where the party ran a candidate other than former party leader Gilles Duceppe for the first time in its history.[514][518]
With 11 seats in British Columbia and 6 seats in Ontario, the two provinces accounted for a majority of the NDP's 24 seats,[515][o] though in both provinces the party lost ground compared to 2015: in British Columbia, the party lost the ridings of Kootenay—Columbia and Port Moody—Coquitlam to the Conservatives and Nanaimo—Ladysmith to the Greens, while in Ontario the party lost Essex and Windsor—Tecumseh to the Conservatives and Liberals, respectively. In Manitoba, the party won 3 of the province's 14 seats, picking up a single seat from the Liberals, while in each of Alberta, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nunavut the party won a single seat, gaining the latter riding for the first time since 1980.[519] In Alberta, Heather McPherson managed to hold the riding of Edmonton Strathcona following Linda Duncan's retirement, becoming the only non-Conservative MP in the province,[520][521] while in Newfoundland and Labrador, Jack Harris returned to parliament after having been defeated in 2015, becoming the party's only MP in Atlantic Canada.[512] In Quebec, only eight years after the Orange Wave saw the party win 59 of the province's then-75 seats, the NDP won just one of the province's 78 seats—the seat of Deputy Leader Alexandre Boulerice—as a result of losses to both the Bloc Québécois and the Liberals, with prominent MPs Ruth Ellen Brosseau, Guy Caron, and Matthew Dubé losing re-election and the party suffering its worst performance since 2008.[522][523][518]
In addition to party leader Elizabeth May being re-elected, the Greens held the Vancouver Island riding of Nanaimo—Ladysmith, previously won from the NDP in a by-election earlier in the year, and gained the New Brunswick riding of Fredericton from the Liberals, marking the first time the party has won a seat outside of British Columbia.[524] With three seats total, the election marked the best performance in the party's history, with May declaring on election night that the party's results marked "the best election result that any Green Party in any first past-the-post system has ever had."[525]


Results by province
Analysis
Vote-splitting benefited the Conservatives in Ontario and Metro Vancouver, the Liberals in Quebec and the Maritimes, and the NDP in British Columbia and outside the GTA in Ontario. It also helped the Bloc in some Quebec ridings.[527] Furthermore, analysis by different news outlets showed that the PPC cost the Tories six to seven seats. However, a Tory strategist said that it is not guaranteed that PPC voters would have voted for the Conservatives. The PPC's spokesperson echoed similar sentiments.[528][529][530]
Strategic voting was prominent across the country. However, it was not the primary factor for most. According to a poll conducted after the election, of respondents who ultimately voted Liberal, 46 per cent said they had considered voting for the NDP at some point during the campaign. Another 29 per cent considered voting Green. Additionally, 15 per cent of Conservative voters considered voting for the People's Party.[531][532]
Ninety-eight women were elected to federal seats in this election. This also set a new record, both by number and by percentage, but still fell short of equality advocates' goal of 30% women. The highest percentage of elected women was in the Green party, with two female MPs out of three elected Green Party members.[533][534]
Election aftermath
Following the election, Trudeau ruled out a coalition and announced that his new cabinet would be sworn in on November 20, 2019.[342] On November 4, 2019, Elizabeth May announced that she would be stepping down as leader of the Green Party.[535] On December 12, 2019, Andrew Scheer announced that he was resigning as leader of the Conservative Party.[536]
Recounts
Defeated parties sought recounts in three ridings where the races were won by a few hundred votes. The Bloc Québécois made its request in the Quebec Superior Court for the ridings of Hochelaga and Québec[537][538] and the NDP sought a recount for the riding of Port Moody—Coquitlam. Federal judges accepted the requests and ruled that recounts should happen for those ridings.[539][540] All three recount requests were withdrawn during the recounting process, thus the victors stayed the same.[541][542][543][544]
Electoral reform
The nature of the elections' results reignited calls for electoral reform.[545][546][547][548][549] Some commentators argued against the current first-past-the-post system,[550][551][552][553] while others defended it.[554][555] Dominic O'Sullivan, Associate Professor of Political Science at Charles Sturt University, argued that Canada should follow in New Zealand's footsteps with their electoral reform.[556] News outlets also published articles showing what the election results could have looked like if Trudeau had kept his promise on electoral reform.[557][547][558]
After the election, Elizabeth May sent Prime Minister Justin Trudeau a letter recommending STV as a compromise for electoral reform since it meets some of the concerns Trudeau expressed in the past.[559][560]
A poll published by the Angus Reid Institute showed that support for electoral reform and proportional representation in particular skyrocketed following the election.[561]
Western Canadian separatism
After Justin Trudeau's re-election on October 21, 2019, #Wexit trended on social media.[562] However, experts stated part of the push was due to disinformation and bots.[563][564] On November 4, 2019, the separatist group Wexit Alberta applied for federal political party status.[565] On November 6, 2019, a poll conducted by Ipsos show a historic high level of interest in secession from Canada in both Alberta and Saskatchewan by 33% and 27%, respectively.[566][567] On January 12, 2020, Wexit Canada was granted eligibility for the next federal election.[568] They subsequently changed their name to the Maverick Party.[569]
Chinese government interference
In late 2022, Global News reported on a suspected attempt by the government of China to infiltrate the Parliament of Canada by funding a network of candidates to run in the 2019 federal election.[570][571][572][573][574] Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stated on November 20, 2022, regarding alleged interference in the election that "I do not have any information, nor have I been briefed on any federal candidates receiving any money from China".[575] In February 2023, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) concluded that the Chinese government interfered in the 2019 elections.[576]
Deregistered parties
The Progressive Canadian Party was deregistered by Elections Canada on October 30, 2019, for failing to comply with the reporting provisions of the Canada Elections Act.[577]
The United Party of Canada was deregistered on December 31, 2020, for failing to submit required financial documents or update party information.[578]
The Stop Climate Change Party was deregistered on March 31, 2021, for failing to provide an auditor's report.[579]
See also
- By-elections to the 42nd Canadian Parliament
- 2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election
- 2017 New Democratic Party leadership election
- 2017 Bloc Québécois leadership election
- 2019 Bloc Québécois leadership election
Notes
- ^ Not the incumbent, but stood in this seat and won.
- ^ a b Following his removal from the NDP caucus, Pierre Nantel sat as an independent until the writ was dropped, but ran as a Green Party candidate on Federal election day.[10]
- ^ Erin Weir designated himself as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation following his expulsion from the NDP caucus. The CCF is not a registered party and Weir's designation exists only in a parliamentary, not electoral, sense. See: Co-operative Commonwealth Federation#2018
- ^ While the source is from 2015, this still applied to 2019
- ^ Endorsed a Liberal minority with an NDP/Green balance of power
- ^ a b Joint Liberal/BQ endorsement.
- ^ Endorsed Heather McPherson, the NDP candidate in her riding of Edmonton-Strathcona
- ^ The NDP changed their French slogan during the campaign. Prior to this one, they used "On se bat pour vous", which is "We Fight for You" in English.
- ^ The GPC changed their French slogan during the campaign. Prior to this one, they used "Ni à droite ni à gauche. Vers l'avant ensemble", which is "Neither left nor right. Forward together" in English.
- ^ According to Elections Canada rules, third parties are allowed to spend $1,023,400 in the pre-election period between June 30 and the start of the election campaign. They can spend an additional $511,700 during the election campaign.
- ^ These are not all the third parties that spent money during the election
- ^ The debate was cancelled due to Trudeau refusing to attend
- ^ The debate was cancelled due to Scheer refusing to attend
- ^ As the number of seats in the House of Commons has increased over time, in terms of share of seats in the House the Conservative's formed the largest opposition caucus since 1980.
- ^ a b c Some of the information (vote share and turnout) in the previous reference is not reflective of the final results
- ^ Includes Heather Leung, who was ejected from the Conservative Party after candidate registration was closed.
- ^ Includes Marthe Lépine, who was ejected by the party, and Michael Kalmanovitch, who publicly withdrew and threw his support to the local NDP candidate, both after candidate registration was closed.
- ^ Includes Pierre Nantel, who ran as a candidate for the Green Party in the 2019 election.
- ^ Erin Weir used this as his parliamentary affiliation after being ejected from the NDP; the CCF ceased to exist as a party when the NDP was formed in 1961.
References
- ^ "Forty-Third General Election 2019: Official Voting Results". Elections Canada. October 22, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2020. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
- ^ a b Brean, Joseph (October 22, 2019). "All-time low share of popular vote is enough for Liberals to win power". National Post. Archived from the original on July 6, 2021. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
- ^ a b c Zimonjic, Peter (October 22, 2019). "Liberals take losses but win enough in Quebec and Ontario to form minority government". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on October 22, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
- ^ a b Riga, Andy (March 14, 2017). "Bloc Québécois' new leader: Who is Martine Ouellet?". The Gazette. Montreal. Archived from the original on August 13, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
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- Official reports
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External links
- Elections Canada
