Abies balsamea is also grown as an ornamental tree for parks and gardens. Very hardy down to −20°C (−4°F) or below, it requires a sheltered spot in full sun. The dwarf cultivarA. balsamea 'Hudson' (Hudson fir), grows to only 1m (3.3ft) tall by 1.5m (4.9ft) broad, and has distinctive blue-green foliage with pale undersides. It does not bear cones. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[22][23]
Other cultivars include:
'Angustata'
'Argentea'
'Brachylepis'
'Coerulea'
'Columnaris'
'Glauca'
'Globosa'
'Longifolia'
'Lutescens'
'Macrocarpa'
'Marginata'
'Nana'
'Nudicaulis'
'Paucifolia'
'Prostrata'
'Pyramidalis'
'Variegata'
'Versicolor'
Other uses
Balsam fir essential oil in clear glass vial
The resin is used to produce Canada balsam, and was traditionally used as a cold remedy and as a glue for glasses, optical instrument components, and for preparing permanent mounts of microscope specimens. Given its use as a traditional remedy and the relatively high ascorbic acid content of its needles, historian Jacques Mathieu has argued that the balsam fir was the "aneda" that cured scurvy during the second expedition into Canada of Jacques Cartier.[24] The wood is milled for framing lumber (part of SPF lumber), siding and pulped for paper manufacture. Balsam fir oil is an EPA approved nontoxic rodent repellent. The balsam fir is also used as an air freshener and as incense.[25]
The Abenaki use the gum for slight itches and as an antiseptic ointment.[27] They stuff the leaves,[28] needles, and wood into pillows as a panacea.[29]
↑ Farjon, A. (2013). " Abies balsamea " . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2013 e.T42272A2968717. doi : 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42272A2968717.en . 2021年11月19日取得.
↑パウエル、ジェリー A. (編)『アメリカ西部における針葉樹食性コリストゥーネウラ属(鱗翅目ハマキガ科)の生物系統学的研究』カリフォルニア大学出版局。ISBN978-0-520-09796-4。
↑ Blais, JR (1958). 「オンタリオ州北西部におけるバルサムモミのトウヒ芽虫の攻撃に対する脆弱性、特に樹木の生理的年齢との関連」 . The Forestry Chronicle . 34 (4): 405– 422. doi : 10.5558/tfc34405-4 .
↑ Blais, JR; Martineau, R. (1960). "A Recent Spruce Budworm Outbreak in the Lower St. Lawrence and Gaspe Peninsula with Reference to Aerial Spraying Operations" . The Forestry Chronicle . 36 (3): 209– 224. doi : 10.5558/tfc36209-3 .
スミス、ヒューロン H. ( 1932). 「オジブワ族インディアンの民族植物学」ミルウォーキー公共博物館紀要4 : 327–525 .
Speck, Frank G. (1917). 「北東部アルゴンキン族の医療行為」.第19回国際アメリカ研究会議議事録. pp. 303–321 .
さらに読む
Hunt, Richard S. (1993). " Abies balsamea " . In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA) . Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden , St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria , Cambridge, MA.
Legasy, Karen; LaBelle-Beadman, Shayna; Chambers, Brenda (1995). Forest Plants of Northeastern Ontario . Edmonton: Lone Pine Publishing . ISBN978-1-55105-064-5. OCLC 32741328 .