当時、Scylla I は機密扱いの装置だったため、その成果は一般には知られていなかった。従来のZ ピンチでは、プラズマの中心に電流を流し、その電流がプラズマの周囲に磁力を発生させ、プラズマを核融合条件まで圧縮する。Scylla I はθ ピンチであり、重水素を使用して円筒の周囲に電流を流し、中心に磁力を発生させた。[ 36 ] [ 37 ] Scylla I の成功後、ロスアラモス研究所はその後数年間で複数のピンチ装置を建造した。
On November 8, in an invited talk to the 63rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics,[285] the National Ignition Facility claimed[286] to have triggered fusion ignition in the laboratory on August 8, 2021, for the first time in the 60+ year history of the ICF program.[287][288] The shot yielded 1.3 MJ of fusion energy, an over 8X improvement on tests done in spring of 2021.[286] NIF estimates that 230kJ of energy reached the fuel capsule, which resulted in an almost 6-fold energy output from the capsule.[286] A researcher from Imperial College London stated that the majority of the field agreed that ignition had been demonstrated.[286]
In November 2021, Helion Energy reported receiving $500 million in Series E funding for its seventh-generation Polaris device, designed to demonstrate net electricity production, with an additional $1.7billion of commitments tied to specific milestones,[289] while Commonwealth Fusion Systems raised an additional $1.8billion in Series B funding to construct and operate its SPARC tokamak, the single largest investment in any private fusion company.[290]
In April 2022, First Light announced that their hypersonic projectile fusion prototype had produced neutrons compatible with fusion. Their technique electromagnetically fires projectiles at Mach 19 at a caged fuel pellet. The deuterium fuel is compressed at Mach 204, reaching pressure levels of 100 TPa.[291]
On December 13, 2022, the US Department of Energy reported that researchers at the National Ignition Facility had achieved a net energy gain from a fusion reaction. The reaction of hydrogen fuel at the facility produced about 3.15 MJ of energy while consuming 2.05 MJ of input. However, while the fusion reactions may have produced more than 3 megajoules of energy—more than was delivered to the target—NIF's 192 lasers consumed 322 MJ of grid energy in the conversion process.[292][293][294][295]
2023 年 5 月、米国エネルギー省(DOE) は、核融合発電所の設計と研究活動を支援するため、7 州の 8 社に 4,600 万ドルの助成金を提供しました。この資金は、マイルストーンベースの核融合開発プログラムの下で、10 年以内にパイロット規模の核融合を実証し、2050 年までに核融合をカーボン ニュートラルなエネルギー源として開発するという目標に合致しています。助成金を受けた企業は、今後 5 ~ 10 年で実現可能な核融合パイロットプラントの設計を作成するための科学的および技術的な課題に取り組むことが求められています。助成金を受けた企業には、Commonwealth Fusion Systems、Focused Energy Inc.、Princeton Stellarators Inc.、Realta Fusion Inc.、Tokamak Energy Inc.、Type One Energy Group、Xcimer Energy Inc.、および Zap Energy Inc. が含まれます。[ 296 ]
Claims of commercially viable fusion power being relatively imminent have often attracted ridicule within the scientific community.[303] A common joke is that human-engineered fusion has always been promised as 30 years away since the concept was first discussed,[304] or that it has been "20 years away for 50 years".[305]
In 2024, Commonwealth Fusion Systems announced plans to build the world's first grid-scale commercial nuclear fusion power plant at the James River Industrial Center in Chesterfield County, Virginia, which is part of the Greater Richmond Region. The plant is designed to produce about 400 MW of electric power, and is intended to come online in the early 2030s.[306][307][308]
In 2025, Helion Energy, a startup company backed by OpenAI, announced plans to build a fusion power plant in Malaga, Washington to supply power to Microsoft data centers by 2028. It will use extant grid infrastructure for the nearby Rock Island Dam hydroelectric plant.[309]
In January 2026, Type One Energy announced plans to build a 350MWe fusion power plant using a stellarator fusion reactor.[310]
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1 2レイモンド・ジョン、クリス・バックリー、キース・ブラッドシャー、ハリー・スティーブンス(2025年12月13日) 「クリーンで無限のエネルギーは存在する。中国はそれを活用するための競争に大きく乗り出している」ニューヨーク・タイムズ。2025年12月5日までのデータ。その他の国には、ドイツ、イギリス、カナダ、日本、フランス、イスラエル、スウェーデン、オーストラリアが含まれる。出典:Fusion Energy Base
↑ Donn, Jeff (2011年6月21日) 「米国の48の核施設で放射性トリチウムの漏洩が発見される」NBCニュース。2020年11月11日のオリジナルからアーカイブ。 2023年7月4日閲覧。
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↑ブレイン、ロズ(2022年4月6日)「オックスフォード大学のスピンオフ企業が世界初の極超音速「飛翔体核融合」を実証」「 . New Atlas . 2022年4月6日取得.