アメリカ合衆国の外交関係

米国はほとんどの国と正式な外交関係を結んでいます。これにはブータン、イラン、北朝鮮、シリアを除くすべての国連加盟国およびオブザーバー国、および国連オブザーバー領パレスチナが含まれます。さらに、米国はコソボおよび欧州連合とも外交関係を結んでいます。

外交関係に関するアメリカ合衆国連邦法は、合衆国法典第22編に記載されている。アメリカ合衆国は、中国に次いで2番目に多くの外交拠点を有している。^[1]

歴史

国交

アメリカ合衆国が外交関係を維持している国々のリスト: ^[2]

二国間関係

北米と南米

カリブ海

ヨーロッパ

アメリカと東欧諸国との関係は、冷戦の遺産に影響を受けています。ソ連の崩壊以来、ヨーロッパの旧共産圏諸国は徐々に民主主義と資本主義に移行してきました。また、多くの国々が欧州連合やNATOに加盟し、西側諸国との経済的な結びつきを強化し、北大西洋条約を通じてアメリカの軍事的保護を獲得しています。

アフリカ

北アフリカ

Sub-Saharan Africa

Asia

West Asia and Middle East

The United States has many important allies in the Greater Middle East region. These allies are Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Jordan, Afghanistan (formerly), Israel, Egypt, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar. Israel and Egypt are leading recipients of United States foreign aid, receiving $2.775 billion^[165] and 1.75 billion^[166] in 2010. Turkey is an ally of the United States through its membership in NATO, while all of the other countries except Saudi Arabia and Qatar are major non-NATO allies.

The United States toppled the government of Saddam Hussein during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.^[167] Turkey is host to approximately 90 B61 nuclear bombs at Incirlik Air Base.^[168] Other allies include Qatar, where 3,500 US troops are based,^[169] and Bahrain, where the United States Navy maintains NSA Bahrain, home of NAVCENT and the Fifth Fleet.

Central Asia

South Asia

East Asia

Southeast Asia

Many countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are important partners for United States in both economic and geostrategic aspects. ASEAN's geostrategic importance stems from many factors, including: the strategic location of member countries, the large shares of global trade that pass through regional waters, and the alliances and partnerships which the United States shares with ASEAN member states. In July 2009, the United States signed ASEAN's Treaty of Amity and Cooperation, which establishes guiding principles intended to build confidence among its signatories with the aim of maintaining regional peace and stability.^[245] Trade flows are robust and increasing between America and the ASEAN region.

Oceania

Countries with strained relations with the United States

Current

Netural relations

Formerly

Afghanistan (1978–1992, 1996–2001) (Again currently)
Albania (1946–1976)
Algeria (1967–1974)
Angola (1976–1993)
Benin (1975–1990)
Bolivia (2006–2019)
Bulgaria (1946–1990)
Burundi (2015–2021)^[289]
Cambodia (1965–1969, 1975–1994)
Chile (1970–1973)
China (1949–1972, 1989–2001) (Again currently)
Republic of the Congo (1965–1977)
Czechoslovakia (1948–1990)
East Germany (1949–1990)
Ecuador (2012–2017)
Equatorial Guinea (1976–1979)
Egypt (1965–1974)
Ethiopia (1980–1992)
Germany (1941–1945)
Grenada (1979–1983)
Haiti (1986, 1993–1994)
Hungary (1949–1989)
Iraq (1990–2003)
Italy (1941–1945)
Japan (1931–1945)
Kyrgyzstan (2006)
Laos (1975–1992)
Liberia (1971–1980)
Libya (1969–2011)
Mongolia (1940s-1987)
Mozambique (1977–1983)
Myanmar (1988–2011) (Again currently)
Nicaragua (1978, 1981–1990, 2016–2018) (Again currently)
Nigeria (1969–1977, 1993–1998)
Pakistan (1990–1998)
Panama (1988–1989)
Poland (1947–1989)
Rhodesia (1965–1979)
Serbia and Montenegro (1990–2003)
South Yemen (1970–1990)
Soviet Union (1950–1991)
Sudan (1974–1976, 1989–2019)
Uganda (1972–1979)
Vietnam (1975–1994)

Countries with visa services suspended

Sudan
Syria

^[290]

Countries with no embassy

^[290]

Afghanistan (Since 2021, the U.S. Embassy has been operating out of Qatar. There is also a U.S. Interests Section at the Qatari Embassy in Kabul.)^[192]^[191]
Andorra (the U.S. ambassador to Spain is also accredited to Andorra; the U.S. Consul General in Barcelona is responsible for day-to-day relations)^[291]
Antigua and Barbuda (U.S. embassy and consulates for Antigua and Barbuda are located in Barbados)
Bhutan (Contact is made via the Government of India at the U.S. embassy in New Delhi.)
Comoros (the U.S. ambassador to Madagascar is also accredited to Comoros.)^[292]
Dominica (U.S. embassy and consulates for Dominica are located in Barbados)
Grenada (U.S. embassy and consulates for Grenada are located in Barbados)
Guinea-Bissau (Contact is made at the U.S. embassy in Senegal, and there is also a presence of the United States in Guinea-Bissau through a Liaison Office in Bissau and a virtual presence post online; there currently are no Guinea-Bissauan consulates for the United States, except for a permanent mission to the UN in New York)
Iran (inactive, U.S. Interests Section at the Swiss Embassy acts as a de facto embassy. Since December 2011, the U.S. has also maintained a virtual embassy online.)
Kiribati (the U.S. ambassador to Fiji is also accredited to Kiribati.)^[293]
Liechtenstein (the U.S. ambassador to Switzerland is also accredited to Liechtenstein.)^[294]
Maldives (the U.S. ambassador to Sri Lanka is also accredited to Maldives.)^[295]
Monaco (the U.S. ambassador to France is also accredited to Monaco; the U.S. Consul General in Marseilles is responsible for day-to-day relations.)^[296]
Nauru (the U.S. ambassador to Fiji is also accredited to Nauru.)^[297]
North Korea (Contact is made via the government of Sweden through its embassy in Pyongyang)
Saint Kitts and Nevis (U.S. embassy and consulates for Saint Kitts and Nevis are located in Barbados)
Saint Lucia (U.S. embassy and consulates for Saint Lucia are located in Barbados)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (U.S. embassy and consulates for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines are located in Barbados)
Samoa (the U.S. ambassador to New Zealand is also accredited to Samoa.)^[298]
San Marino (the U.S. ambassador to Italy is also accredited to San Marino; the U.S. Consul General in Florence is responsible for day-to-day relations.)^[299]
São Tomé and Príncipe (the U.S. ambassador to Gabon is also accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe.)^[300]
Seychelles (the U.S. ambassador to Mauritius is also accredited to Seychelles.)^[301]
Tonga (the U.S. ambassador to Fiji is also accredited to Tonga.)^[302]
Tuvalu (the U.S. ambassador to Fiji is also accredited to Tuvalu.)^[303]
Vanuatu (the U.S. ambassador to Papua New Guinea is also accredited to Vanuatu.)^[304]
other: Palestine (UN observer state; the United States does not recognize the State of Palestine. The United States formerly was represented through a consulate in Jerusalem accredited to the Palestinian Authority, which was merged with its Jerusalem embassy to Israel)

Partially recognized countries with only informal relations with the United States

Taiwan (from 1979)

Former countries

Notes

^ The current government led by the Taliban is unrecognized by the United States government.
^ Since 1979, Iran and the U.S. have had hostile relations, with official relations being severed in 1980.
^ North Korea does not have formal relations with the U.S.
^ Relations have been severed since 2012.

References

This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.

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External links

Guide to Countries, Office of the Historian, US Department of State

[287] The current government led by the Taliban is unrecognized by the United States government.

[288] Since 1979, Iran and the U.S. have had hostile relations, with official relations being severed in 1980.

[289] North Korea does not have formal relations with the U.S.

[291] Relations have been severed since 2012.

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