Cordelia Fine is most well known for her research on gendered minds and sexual decision-making. In her book Testosterone Rex she critiques sex differences in the brain and goes into detail on the economic cost and benefits of finding a partner, as interpreted and analysed by our brains.[53] Her work showcases an interesting sub-topic of neuroeconomics.
Behavioral economics experiments record the subject's decisions over various design parameters and use the data to generate formal models that predict performance. Neuroeconomics extends this approach by adding states of the nervous system to the set of explanatory variables. The goal of neuroeconomics is to help explain decisions and to enrich the data sets available for testing predictions.[7]
Furthermore, neuroeconomic research is being used to understand and explain aspects of human behavior that do not conform to traditional economic models. While these behavior patterns are generally dismissed as 'fallacious' or 'illogical' by economists, neuroeconomic researchers are trying to determine the biological reasons for these behaviors. By using this approach, researchers may be able to find explanations for why people often act sub-optimally.[9]Richard Thaler provides a prime example in his book Misbehaving, detailing a scenario where an appetiser is served before a meal and guest accidentally fill up of it. Most people need the appetiser to be completely hidden in order to stop themselves from the temptation, where as a rational agent would simply stop and wait for the meal.[9] Temptation is just one of the many irrationalities that have been ignored due to difficulties of studying them[55]
神経経済学の研究は、依存症に関する学術的な研究とも密接な関係を築いてきた。研究者たちは、2010年に出版された『Advances in the Neuroscience of Addiction: 2nd Edition』の中で、神経経済学的アプローチは「依存行動の理解の進歩に不可欠となる可能性のある強力な新しい概念的方法」であると認めている。[ 72 ]
Another neuroscientist, Emily Falk contributed to the neuroeconomics and neuromarketing fields by researching how the brain reacts to marketing aimed at evoking behavioral change. Specifically, her paper on anti-smoking advertisements highlighted the disparity between what advertisements we believe will be convincing and what the brain responds to most positively. The advertisement the experts and trial audience agreed on as being the most effective anti-smoking campaign actually elicited very little behavioral change in smokers.[78] Meanwhile, the campaign ranked least likely to be effective by the experts and audience, generated the strongest neural response in the medial prefrontal cortex and resulted in the largest number of people deciding to quit smoking.[78] This revealed that often our brains may know better than us when it comes to what motivators lead to behavioral change. It also emphasises the importance of integrating neuroscience into mainstream and behavioral economics to generate more wholistic models and accurate predictions. This research could have impacts in promoting healthier diets, more exercise, or encouraging people to make behavioral changes that benefit the environment and reduce climate change.
↑Center for Neuroeconomics Study at Duke University http://dibs.duke.edu/research/d-cides/research/neuroeconomicsArchived 20 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine
↑Jacqueline Anne Allan (2018). An Analysis of Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow. London: Macat Library. doi:10.4324/9781912453207. ISBN978-1-912453-20-7.
12Glimcher, Paul W.; Fehr, Ernst, eds. (2014). Neuroeconomics: decision-making and the brain (Seconded.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN978-0-12-416008-8. OCLC868956474.
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Daniel Houser; Kevin McCabe; Neuroeconomics, Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research v. 20 [リンク削除]、Emerald Group Publishing Limited、Bingley West Yorkshire