シモンソンが以前の手法を批判的に分析したことを認識していたペルハムとマウリシオは、2015年に新しい研究を発表し、性別、民族、教育の交絡因子をどのように制御したかを説明した。[ I ]ある研究では、国勢調査データを調べ、男性が姓と一致する11の職業(例えば、パン屋、大工、農夫など)に不均衡に従事していると結論付けた。[ 96 ]
The Theory of Deadly Initials was an hypothesis published in the Journal of Psychosomatic Research in 1999,[100] which proposed that there is a link between the lifespan of human males and their initials. The research, carried out by psychologistsNicholas Christenfeld, David Phillips and Laura Glynn, and published in the paper "What's in a Name: Mortality and the Power of Symbols", suggested that men with "negative" sets of initials (e.g. DIE or PIG) have, on average, a shorter lifespan than those with "positive" initials (e.g. ACE, VIP).
The average increase in life expectancy for a set of positive initials was claimed to be 4.48 years, while the average decrease in life expectancy for negative initials was claimed as 2.8 years. This is attributed to stress from teasing and lower self-worth in individuals with "deadly" initials.
The original research was conducted by comparing the age of people who died within a given year, while the second investigation compared the lifespans of people who were born in a given year.[102]
↑Even the Romans, whose naming system is generally assumed to have used four names, started out with a single name, e.g., Romulus. Over the course of fourteen centuries this then first evolved to two names, to three names (e.g., Marcus Tullius Cicero, where Marcus is the praenomen, Tullius the nomen gentilicium, and Cicero the cognomen), back to two names, and finally one name again.[4]
↑Ancient Roman fathers passed on their cognomen to their children as well.[9] According to Gaius Plinius Secundus, better known as Pliny the Elder, cognomina derived from occupations were initially taken from agriculture – for example, Cicero means chickpea. Ergo, Marcus Tullius Cicero, the orator, was a descendant of a grower of chickpeas,[10] although it is also said the cognomen was given for the shape of the nose being similar to that of a chickpea.[11]
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