大統領部隊表彰（米国）

大統領ユニット表彰
アメリカ陸軍 アメリカ海軍とアメリカ海兵隊 アメリカ空軍とアメリカ宇宙軍 アメリカ沿岸警備隊 米国公衆衛生局
タイプ	リボン（装飾）
受賞理由	「極めて困難で危険な状況下で任務を遂行する勇敢さ、決意、団結心。」 [1]
提供者	アメリカ陸軍省[2] アメリカ海軍省[3] アメリカ空軍省[4] アメリカ国土安全保障省[5]
資格	軍事ユニット
状態	現在授与されている
初受賞	1941
ストリーマー: 上部;陸軍、空軍、宇宙軍 中央;海軍および海兵隊 下部;沿岸警備隊
優先順位
次へ（上へ）	陸軍:陸軍功績勲章 海軍:戦闘行動リボン 空軍および宇宙軍:戦闘行動勲章 沿岸警備隊:沿岸警備隊戦闘行動リボン
個人 相当	殊勲十字章、海軍十字章、空軍十字章、沿岸警備隊十字章
次へ（下）	共同功労部隊賞

大統領部隊表彰( PUC )は、もともと殊勲部隊表彰と呼ばれ、1941 年 12 月 7 日 (真珠湾攻撃の日であり、第二次世界大戦へのアメリカの参戦開始日) 以降に武装した敵に対する戦闘で並外れた英雄的行為を行った米国および同盟国の制服組の部隊に授与されます。部隊は、極めて困難で危険な状況下で任務を遂行する上で、同じ作戦に参加している他の部隊と一線を画し、優位に立つような勇敢さ、決意、団結心を発揮する必要があります。

1942年2月26日、フランクリン・D・ルーズベルト大統領が大統領令9075号に署名し、 1941年12月7日に遡って2008年まで有効となった大統領部隊表彰制度以来、大統領部隊表彰制度は第二次世界大戦、朝鮮戦争、ベトナム戦争、イラク戦争、アフガニスタン戦争などの紛争で授与されてきました。

PUCに推薦された部隊が武装した敵に対して示した集団的な勇敢さ（戦闘における英雄的行為）は、殊勲十字章、空軍十字章、海軍十字章の個人授与に値するものと同じである。場合によっては、部隊全体が大統領部隊表彰を受けた行動への貢献により、部隊内の1人以上の個人が個人表彰も受けていることがある。大統領部隊表彰を最も多く受けた部隊は、潜水艦USS パーチ （SSN-683）と第1海兵師団で、どちらも9回の表彰を受けている。^[6]

陸軍の表彰は1942年2月26日の大統領令9075号によって制定され、1943年12月2日の大統領令9396号によって廃止され、殊勲部隊表彰が認可された。^{[7] [8]}他の陸軍部隊表彰と同様に、殊勲部隊表彰は他のリボンよりも大きな枠に囲まれており、右ポケットの上に着用する。部隊が表彰された行為に個人的に参加したかどうかにかかわらず、部隊のすべてのメンバーがこの勲章を着用することができる。表彰された行為の時点で部隊に配属されていたメンバーのみが、恒久的な賞としてこの勲章を着用することができる。陸軍、空軍、宇宙軍のいずれにおいても、記章は金色の枠に囲まれた青いリボンである。

航空宇宙軍功労部隊表彰は、1947年に空軍が独立した軍部門になった後に陸軍殊勲部隊表彰から採用された。1957年1月10日付の大統領命令10694号により、空軍省は殊勲部隊表彰を大統領部隊表彰として再指定した。^[9]航空宇宙軍功労部隊表彰は陸軍功労部隊表彰と同じ色とデザインだが、若干小さく、個人表彰を受けた後に左ポケットに他の空軍および宇宙軍のリボンと揃えて着用できる。陸軍と同様に、受賞部隊のメンバー全員が配属中はこの勲章を着用できるが、表彰された時点で部隊に配属されていた者だけが恒久的な勲章として着用できる。または、受賞部隊のメンバーが除隊または引退前の最後の勤務地でこの勲章を所持していた場合は、規定どおりに引き続き着用できる。

表彰状は、長さ4フィート（1.2メートル）、幅2.75インチ（7.0センチ）の青いリボンの形で、受賞部隊の旗に掲げられる。陸軍では、大隊以上の部隊がこの勲章を授与されるのは稀である。^[8]

「海軍および海兵隊部隊の戦闘における優れた功績に対する」表彰は、 1942 年 2 月 6 日の大統領命令9050 号によって制定されました。

海軍版は紺、黄、赤の横縞で、横縞のある唯一の海軍リボンである。^[10]大統領部隊表彰の2つのバージョンを区別するために、単に大統領部隊表彰と呼ばれることが多い海軍版は、海軍大統領部隊表彰、または「海軍および海兵隊大統領部隊表彰」と呼ばれることもある。このリボンは、授与の「授与期間」に部隊に配属された海軍および海兵隊の軍人のみが着用する。陸軍では、「授与期間」後に部隊に入隊した者も、部隊に配属されている間は着用できる。ALNan 137–43には、最初の授与ではリボンに青いエナメルの星が描かれ、その後の授与では追加の星が描かれると記載されている。^{[11] [12]} 1945年、海軍長官は硫黄島大統領部隊表彰を「および所属または勤務するすべての者」という行なしで書いた。 1949年に賞が変更され、最初の賞には星が付かなくなり、その後の賞には銅の星が付くようになりました。

1958年に原子力潜水艦USS ノーチラス （SSN-571）が北極海への初の潜水航海を行ったことを記念して、その航海に参加した乗組員全員に、金色のブロック体文字「N」の形をした特別な留め金が付いた大統領部隊表彰リボンの着用が認められた。^[13]コネチカット州グロトンの潜水艦部隊博物館にある USSノーチラス記念館に配属された米海軍の水兵は、勤務中は「N」のマークが付いた海軍大統領部隊表彰リボンの着用が認められている。

2014年現在、ミサイル施設に派遣され、連続しない179日間勤務し、ICBM作戦の直接支援に従事した人員には、核抑止作戦従事勲章として同じ勲章が授与される可能性がある。 ^[14]

1960年の試運転航海中に原子力潜水艦トリトンが世界初の潜水世界一周航海を成し遂げたことを記念して、その航海に参加した乗組員全員に、地球儀の金色のレプリカの形をした特別な留め金が付いた大統領部隊表彰リボンを着用することが許可された。^[15]

米国沿岸警備隊の部隊には、表彰措置が行われた時点で沿岸警備隊がどの部隊を支援していたかに応じて、海軍版または沿岸警備隊版の大統領部隊表彰が授与される場合があります。

現在の勲章は「国土安全保障省大統領部隊表彰」として知られています。当初の沿岸警備隊大統領部隊表彰は、大統領命令 10694 ( 1957 年 1 月 10 日にドワイト D. アイゼンハワー大統領が署名) の権限に基づいて制定され、大統領命令 13286 の第 74 条 ( 2003 年 2 月 28 日にジョージ W. ブッシュ大統領が署名) によって改正され、USCG PUC の授与が国土安全保障長官に移管されました。

ジョージ・W・ブッシュ大統領は、 2005年8月29日から2005年9月13日までのハリケーン・カトリーナへの対応における救助・救援活動に対して、沿岸警備隊版の賞を米国沿岸警備隊および沿岸警備隊補助隊の隊員全員に授与した。ハリケーン・カトリーナへの対応に対してこの賞を受賞した者全員は、国際的に認められたハリケーンシンボルの形をした特別な留め金が付いた大統領部隊表彰リボンを着用することが認められている。^[16]

米国公衆衛生局大統領表彰は2015年に制定された。デザインは2015年8月17日に陸軍紋章学研究所で最終決定された。 ^[17] 2015年9月24日、バラク・オバマ大統領は、2013年から2016年にかけて西アフリカと米国で発生したエボラ出血熱の流行に対して、米国公衆衛生局委任部隊の将校たちに大統領部隊表彰を授与した。 ^[18] 2021年1月19日、ドナルド・トランプ大統領は、 COVID-19パンデミック時の並外れた任務遂行に対して、2020年から2021年まで勤務するすべての委任部隊将校に表彰状を授与した。^{[19] [非一次資料必要]}大統領部隊表彰リボンの周囲には、2度目の受賞を示す金色の枠が付けられている。^[20]

For a full list of non-U.S. units receiving Distinguished Unit Citations and later the renamed Presidential Unit Citation see Non-U.S. recipients of U.S. gallantry awards#Unit citations

A reconnaissance and intelligence unit (1st Bn.) of the 394th Infantry Regiment, on the 16th December 1944 at Losheimergraben, found itself in a situation which turned into a decisive battle with an overwhelming German Paratrooper Bn. Almost 40 years later their heroic fight was awarded with the Presidential Unit Citation Order No. 26 in 1981.^[84] The memorial plaque is mounted on a stone at the N626 at the Losheimergraben crossroads.

Erected in honor of the 1st Bn., 394th Infantry Regiment and attached units of the 99th Division, whose valor and heroic action at this location on Dec. 16th, 1944, was recognized by award of the Presidential Unit Citation No. 26^[84]

Says Captain John Della-Giustina, "For their exploits, the I&R Platoon, 394th Infantry Regiment, 99th Infantry Division, would later become "the most heavily decorated platoon for a single action in World War II."^[85]

Two units of the Free French Forces were awarded Presidential Unit Citations during World War II. The first was the 2nd Armored Division, which received the award after the liberation of Strasbourg; the second was the 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment, which received it in 1946 with the inscription 'Rhine-Bavarian Alps'.

On April 22, 1986, the 1st Fighter Aviation Group of the Força Aérea Brasileira (the Brazilian Air Force) was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for its actions in the Po Valley region of Italy in World War II. The Brazilians, operating in Italy in support of Allied forces, destroyed in one day (April 22, 1945) over 45 vehicles, strafed pontoon bridges on the River Po (hampering a German retreat) and harassed fixed positions of the German forces. From the citation:^[86]

The casualties that they suffered reduced their pilot strength to about one half that of the United States Army Air Force squadrons operating in the same area, but they flew an equal number of sorties as their US counterparts ... Eleven missions of 44 sorties were flown destroying nine motor transports and damaging 17. Additionally, they destroyed the facilities of a motor pool, immobilized 35 horse vehicles, damaged a road bridge and a pontoon bridge, destroyed 14 and damaged three enemy-occupied buildings, and attacked four military positions and inflicted much other damage.^{[citation needed]}

The 1st Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment and Troop C, 170th Independent Mortar Battery RA of the British Army were both awarded US Presidential Unit Citations for their defense of Hill 235 while surrounded by Chinese forces during the Battle of the Imjin River also known by the US as the Battle of Solmari. The 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry and 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment were awarded the citation for their actions during the Battle of Kapyong, shortly afterwards.

One Belgian-Luxembourgian battalion of the Belgian United Nations Command (now the 3rd Parachute Regiment,) was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation once for actions during the Battle of the Imjin River.

The Colombia Battalion received the citation while attached to the American 21st Infantry Regiment in 1951.^[87]

One Dutch unit, the Netherlands Detachment United Nations, part of the Regiment Van Heutsz, was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation twice for actions during the Korean War. The first citation was awarded after the battle near Wonju and Hoengson in February 1951. The unit was awarded a second time for its bravery during the Soyang River Battle in May–June 1951.

President Harry Truman signed a Distinguished Unit Citation (now the Presidential Unit Citation) on July 11, 1951, for the Turkish Brigade's acts of heroism. It reads: "The Turkish Brigade, a member of the United Nations Forces in Korea is cited for exceptionally outstanding performance of duty in combat in the area of Kumyangjang-ni, Korea, from 25 to 27 January 1951."

The Greek Expeditionary Force (Korea), Sparta Battalion, received its first US Presidential Unit Citation in February 1952 for the capture of Scotch Hill. It was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for the second time for their actions in the defense of Outpost Harry while vastly outnumbered by Chinese forces, June 18, 1953. The 13th Flight of the Royal Hellenic Air Force received a US Presidential Unit Citation for its participation in the evacuation of US Marines at Hagaru-ri in December 1950.

The French battalion of the UN forces in Korea, attached to the 23rd Infantry Regiment, US 2nd Infantry Division ("Indian Head"), received 3 Distinguished Unit Citations in 1951 : on February 20, July 11 (actions in Chipyong-Ni) and August 9 (as part of the 2nd Infantry Division).

The 2 Squadron SAAF of South Africa was awarded the honor, which was presented in August 1956.^[88]

41 Commando Royal Marines was awarded the US Navy and Marine Corps PUC for its actions at the Chosin Reservoir while attached to the 1st Marine Division.

The 17th Bombardment Group was awarded the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation for the period May 24, 1952 – March 31, 1953 and Distinguished Unit Citation for actions December 1, 1952 – April 30, 1953.^[89][90]

President Lyndon B. Johnson awarded a Presidential Unit Citation to 1st Brigade 101st Airborne June 2–22 during Operation Hawthorne Dak To Province elements of 327th Tiger Force & Attached Recon of A troop 17th Cavalry also were awarded a Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation from South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Cao Kỳ for extraordinary heroism; the 2nd 327 also received a second Presidential citation from President Johnson at the Battle of Tou Mourong in 1966.

A Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to D Company, 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, on 28 May 1968, for the units actions during the Battle of Long Tan on 18 August 1966.

In 1968 The Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to units of the 3rd Brigade of the 4th Infantry Division (2/12th Inf, 3/22nd Inf,2/22nd Mech Inf, 2/77th Artillery and Brigade Command unit at the battle site) for their participation in the Battle of Suoi Tre. In addition elements of the 2/34th Armor were also awarded the PUC for their participation in that battle. That battle would have the distinction of killing more of the enemy in a one-day battle of the entire war. 647 dead enemy soldiers were recovered from the battle site at the conclusion of the battle. See PUC General Orders 59, dated 21 October 1968

In 1968, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the 3d Marine Division (Reinforced) "for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty" ... "from 8 March 1965 to 15 September 1967." See MCBul 1650 for included units list.

In 1969, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to USS Harnett County (LST-821) by President Richard Nixon, for Extraordinary Heroism during the period 12 December 1968 to 30 April 1969 supporting Operation Giant Slingshot on the Vam Co Dong River. <Award Citation>

In 2012, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the 4th contingent, CDT3 [Clearance Diving Team 3], Royal Australian Navy for service during the Vietnam War in 1968/69.

In 1977, the Presidential Unit Citation was presented to New Zealand's 161 Battery in 1977 for service during the Vietnam War in 1965–66.^[91][92]

In 1971, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the 3d Armored Cavalry Squadron, Army of the Republic of Vietnam and attached U.S. Advisor/Liaison Personnel for extraordinary heroism during the period 1 January 1968 to 30 September 1968 in actions in Pleiku and Binh Dinh Provinces. (DA General Order No. 24, 27 April 1971.)^[59]

In 2001, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force 219th Helicopter Squadron (South Vietnam), Danang, Republic of Vietnam while assigned or attached to MACV-SOG for extraordinary heroism, great combat achievement and unwavering fidelity while executing unheralded top secret missions deep behind enemy lines across Southeast Asia during the period 24 January 1964 to 30 April 1972. (DA General Order No. 25, 8 June 2001.)^[60]

In 1966, the Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the 514th Tactical Fighter Squadron of the Republic of Vietnam Air Force for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty in combat against an armed enemy of the Republic of Vietnam throughout the period 1 January 1964 to 28 February 1965.

In 1968 and 1970 the Air Force's 56 Special Operations Wing (56 SOW) was awarded two Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty while conducting Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in North Vietnam and Laos as well as strike, interdiction and Forward Air Control (FAC) operations against hostile forces.^{[citation needed]}

Units of the Army, 3rd battalion, 16th Artillery were awarded the presidential unit citation for actions during the January, 1968 Tet offensive in Vietnam. They provided sustained artillery fire under severe conditions that protected their own troops and prevented the attacking forces of North Vietnam and the Viet Cong from retreating. The support they provided lasted for 72 hours, during which time the troops had no sleep and no time to eat. Some units of the 16th artillery received sniper and mortar fire but continued supporting troops in spite of the risks involved.

In 1973 the PUC was awarded to Carrier Air Wing Nine and USS Constellation for extrarodinary heroism. On May 10, 1972, VF-92 and VF-96 shot down 7 Migs tying the single day record of any air unit. Wing pilots received 5 Navy Crosses, and 24 Silver Stars.^[93]

On December 7, 2004, the Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force-South, known as Task Force K-Bar, a special collection of U.S. and international special forces units, was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation. This award, for service between 17 October 2001 and 30 March 2002, was very unusual in that it was made to multiple international units fighting in the War in Afghanistan.^[94]

The following units were recognized:

• Australian Special Air Service Regiment (although not a part of Task Force K-Bar)
• Canada's Joint Task Force 2
• New Zealand Special Air Service
• Denmark's Specialoperationsstyrke and Jægerkorpset
• Norway's Forsvarets Spesialkommando, Hærens Jegerkommando and Marinejegerkommandoen
• Germany's Kommando Spezialkräfte
• American units, including the

• U.S. Navy SEALs
• Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen
• U.S. Army Special Forces
• Air Force Special Operations Command

In the Presidential Unit Citation for Task Force K-BAR, Major General W. Semianiw, Chief Military Personnel For the Chief of the Defense Staff, stated:

Operating first from Oman and then from forward locations throughout the southern and eastern regions of Afghanistan, successfully executed its primary mission to conduct special operations in support of the United States' efforts to destroy, degrade, and neutralize the Taliban and Al-Qaeda leadership and military. During its six-month existence, this Task Force was the driving force behind extremely high-risk missions and unconventional warfare operations in Afghanistan. The sailors, soldiers, airmen, marines and coalition partners of CJSOTF-South established benchmark standards of professionalism, tenacity, courage, tactical brilliance, and operational excellence while demonstrating superb esprit de corps and maintaining the highest measures of combat readiness. By their outstanding courage, resourcefulness and aggressive fighting spirit in combat against a well-equipped, well-trained, and treacherous terrorist enemy, the officers and enlisted personnel of CJSOTF-South/Task-Force K-BAR reflected great credit upon themselves and upheld the highest traditions of the United States Armed Forces.^[95]

— cquote

In 2012, the Navy and Marine Corps Presidential Unit Citation was awarded and presented at the U.S. Embassy in Canberra to two members of the Australian Army for service as embedded members of the Marine Expeditionary Brigade-Afghanistan for outstanding performance in action against enemy forces from 29 May 2009 to 12 April 2010, in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.

• Awards and decorations of the United States military
• Non-US recipients of US gallantry awards
• Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation
• Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation
• Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation

Media related to Presidential Unit Citation at Wikimedia Commons