↑ Annette Gordon-Reed, Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy、バージニア大学出版、1998 年版、DNA データに関する序文付き、91-92 ページ。注:大統領の長男の孫であるThomas Jefferson Randolph は、伝記作家のHenry Randallに、ベッツィーは異母妹のサリー・ヘミングスと同様に、ジェファーソンに似た子供を産んだと語った。彼は、その父親はサミュエル・カーだと述べた。歴史家のAnnette Gordon-Reed は、裏付けとなる証言や証拠がないため、Randolph の主張は、ジェファーソンの父親に関する質問をかわそうとする家族の試みの一部である可能性があると考えた。カーは、男性子孫の Y-DNA 検査によって、サリーの子供たちの父親ではないことが証明された。
↑"John Wayles", Jefferson's Community: Relatives, Monticello. Footnote to Wayles's paternity: Isaac Jefferson, Memoirs, 4; Madison Hemings, "Life Among the Lowly," Pike County Republican, March 13, 1873. A December 20, 1802 letter from Thomas Gibbons, a Federalist planter of Georgia, to Jonathan Dayton states that Sally Hemings "is half sister to his first wife." Similarly, a letter from Thomas Turner in the May 31, 1805 Boston Repertory states, "an opinion has existed . . . that this very Sally is the natural daughter of Mr. Wales, who was the father of the actual Mrs. Jefferson."
↑Philip D. Morgan (1999). "Interracial Sex In the Chesapeake and the British Atlantic World c.1700–1820". In Jan Lewis; Peter S. Onuf (eds.). Sally Hemings & Thomas Jefferson: history, memory, and civic culture. University of Virginia Press. ISBN978-0-8139-1919-5.
↑Joshua D. Rothman, Notorious in the Neighborhood: Sex and Interracial Relationships Across the Color Line in Virginia, 1787–1861, University of North Carolina Press, 2003
123"Critta Hemings Bowles". www.monticello.org. Retrieved January 19, 2020.
↑"Critta Hemings Bowles", Plantation and Slavery, Monticello, accessed 21 March 2011
↑"Sally Hemings | Thomas Jefferson's Monticello". www.monticello.org. Retrieved 2018-03-16.
↑Jefferson's Blood, PBS Frontline, 2000, accessed 10 March 2012, Woodson, A President in the Family, Paeger, 2001, 31,240
↑Saraceni, Jessica E. "The Matriarch of Mulberry Row", Archeology Magazine, 1997
↑Footnotes section, John Wayles article at the Monticello Wiki
↑Gordon-Reed, Annette. Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy. University of Virginia Press (April 1997), pp. 128-130. ISBN0-8139-1698-4
↑"Hughes (Hemings)"Archived 2015-02-27 at the Wayback Machine, Getting Word, Monticello Foundation, accessed 26 May 2013
↑"Interview with Fountain Hughes, Baltimore, Maryland, June 11, 1949", American Folklife Center, Library of Congress, World Digital Library, accessed 26 May 2013