The Antarctic petrel is placed in the familyProcellariidae of the orderProcellariiformes.[8] This petrel along with the snow petrel, the Cape petrel, the giant petrels, and the fulmars, are considered to be a different subclade from the other Procellariidae members.[11] They share certain identifying features. First, they have nasal passages that attach to the upper bill called naricorns. Although the nostrils on the petrels are on the top of the upper bill. The bills of Procellariiformes are also unique in that they are split into between seven and nine horny plates. On petrels, one of these plates forms the hooked portion of the upper bill. They produce a stomach oil made up of wax esters and triglycerides that is stored in the proventriculus. This can be sprayed out of their mouths as a defence against predators and as an energy rich food source for chicks and for the adults during their long flights.[12] Finally, they also have a salt gland that is situated above the nasal passage and helps desalinate their bodies, due to the high amount of ocean water that they imbibe. It excretes a high saline solution from their nose.[13]
Description
Antarctic petrel off of the Western Antarctic Peninsula
The adult Antarctic petrel has a brown head, sides, throat, and back. The bill is dark brown and the feet are grey. The underparts are white and their tail and secondaries on the wings are white with brown tips. These are medium-sized relative to other petrels with a wingspan of 100–110cm (39–43in), a length of 40–45cm (16–18in), and an average weight of 675g (23.8oz).[14]
↑グメリン、ヨハン・フリードリヒ(1789)。Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: 第二次クラス、序列、属、種、特性、差異、同義語、座位(ラテン語)。 Vol. 1 パート 2 (第 13版)。 Lipsiae [ライプツィヒ]: Georg.エマニュエル。ビール。 p. 565.
↑ライヘンバッハ、ルートヴィヒ(1853)。Handbuch der speciellen Ornithologie (ドイツ語)。 Vol. 1. ドレスデンとライプツィヒ: 遠征 Vollständigsten Naturgeschichte。 p. vi.出版日については、Dickinson, EC ; Overstreet, LK; Dowsett, RJ; Bruce, MD (2011). Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology: a Directory to the literature and its reviews . Northampton, UK: Aves Press. p. 134. ISBN を参照。978-0-9568611-1-5。
↑ジョブリング、ジェームズ A. (2010). 『ヘルム鳥類学名辞典』 ロンドン:クリストファー・ヘルム。383ページ。ISBN978-1-4081-2501-4。
↑ Gotch, AF (1995) [1979]. 「アホウドリ、フルマカモメ、ミズナギドリ、ペトレル類」. 『爬虫類、鳥類、哺乳類の科学的分類ガイド:ラテン語名解説』 . ニューヨーク、NY: Facts on File. pp. 191–192 . ISBN0-8160-3377-3。
↑ Tree of Life (2008年6月27日)。「ミズナギドリ科。ミズナギドリ、ペトレル」。Tree of Life Web Project。2009年2月15日のオリジナルからアーカイブ。 2009年3月18日取得。
↑ Double, MC (2003). "Procellariiformes (Tubenosed Seabirds)". Hutchins, Michael; Jackson, Jerome A.; Bock, Walter J.; Olendorf, Donna (eds.). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia . Vol. 8, Birds I: Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins. Joseph E. Trumpey, Chief Scientific Illustrator (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 107–111 . ISBN0-7876-5784-0。
↑ Mehlum, Fridtjof; Gjessing, Yngvar; Haftorn, Svein; Bech, Claus (1988-01-06). "Census of breeding Antarctic petrels Thalassoica antarctica and physical features of the breeding colony at Svarthamaren, Dronning Maud Land, with notes on breeding snow petrels Pagodroma nivea and south polar skuas Catharacta maccormicki" . Polar Research . 6 (1): 1– 9. doi : 10.3402/polar.v6i1.6841 . ISSN 1751-8369 .
↑ Miskelly, CM (2013). "南極ミズナギドリ" . New Zealand Birds Online . 2021年3月3日のオリジナルからアーカイブ済み. 2021年8月2日閲覧.
1 2 3 Lorentsen, Svein-Hȧkon; Amundsen, Trond; Anthonisen, Kristin; Lifjeld, Jan T. (2000). "南極ミズナギドリにおける配偶者外の父性および雌同士のペアに関する分子学的証拠". The Auk . 117 (4): 1042– 1047. doi : 10.2307/4089648 . ISSN 0004-8038 . JSTOR 4089648 .