Roy Haynes

Roy Owen Haynes (March 13, 1925 – November 12, 2024) was an American jazz drummer. In the 1950s, he was given the nickname "Snap Crackle" for his distinctive snare drum sound and musical vocabulary. He is among the most recorded drummers in jazz. In a career spanning more than eight decades, he played swing, bebop, jazz fusion and avant-garde jazz. He is considered to be a pioneer of jazz drumming.

Haynes led bands, including the Hip Ensemble. His albums Fountain of Youth and Whereas were nominated for a Grammy Award.^[1][2] He was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1999.^[3]

Haynes was born on March 13, 1925, in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston, to Gustavas and Edna Haynes, immigrants from Barbados.^[4] His younger brother, Michael E. Haynes, became an important leader in the African American community in Massachusetts, working with Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement, representing Roxbury in the Massachusetts House of Representatives and for forty years serving as pastor of the Twelfth Baptist Church. King had been a member at the church while he pursued his doctoral degree at Boston University.^[5]

ヘインズは1942年にボストンでプロデビューし、1945年にフルタイムのプロとしてのキャリアをスタートさせた。^{[ 6 ]} 1947年から1949年までサックス奏者のレスター・ヤングと共演し、^{[ 4 ]} 1949年から1952年まではサックス奏者のチャーリー・パーカーのクインテットのメンバーだった。 ^{[ 4 ]}また、同時期にピアニストのバド・パウエル、サックス奏者のウォーデル・グレイ、スタン・ゲッツともレコーディングを行った。^{[ 4 ]} 1953年から1958年までは歌手のサラ・ヴォーンとツアーを行い、彼女とレコーディングを行った。^{[ 7 ] [ 8 ]} 1950年代には「スナップ・クラックル」というニックネームが付けられた。^{[ 9 ]} 1960年代にはジョン・コルトレーン・カルテットのメンバーであり、ドラマーのエルヴィン・ジョーンズの代役を務めることが多かった。 1990年、彼はパット・メセニーと共同でアルバム『Question and Answer』をリリースした。^{[ 10 ]}ヘインズはヒップ・アンサンブルなどのバンドを率いた。^{[ 11 ]}

ローリング・ストーンズのジム・ケルトナーとチャーリー・ワッツがトリビュートソングを録音し^{[ 12 ]}、2006年にはオールマン・ブラザーズ・バンド^{[ 13 ]} 、 2008年にはフィッシュのペイジ・マコーネル^{[ 14 ]}と共演した。「年齢は彼を通り過ぎていったようだ」とワッツは述べている。「彼は83歳だが、2006年には『モダン・ドラマー』誌で最優秀現代ジャズドラマーに選ばれた。」読者投票で彼は最高だ。」 ^{[ 15 ]}

2008年、ヘインズはオープンワールドビデオゲーム『グランド・セフト・オートIV』に登場する架空のクラシックジャズラジオ局「ジャズ・ネイション・ラジオ108.5」のDJの声を担当した。^{[ 16 ]}彼の最後のアルバム『ロイ・アルティ』は2011年にリリースされた。^{[ 17 ]}

彼の息子であるグラハム・ヘインズはコルネット奏者であり、もう一人の息子であるクレイグ・ホリデー・ヘインズと孫のマーカス・ギルモアはどちらもドラマーである。^{[ 18 ]}

Haynes was known to celebrate his birthdays on stage and in later years at the Blue Note Jazz Club in New York City.^[19] His 95th birthday celebration in 2020 was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.^[20]

On November 12, 2024, following a short illness, Haynes died at age 99 in Nassau County, New York, on the South Shore of Long Island.^{[17][21][22][23]}

A Life in Time –The Roy Haynes Story was named by The New Yorker magazine as one of the Best Boxed Sets of 2007^[24] and was nominated for an award by the Jazz Journalist's Association.^[25]WKCR-FM, New York,^[26] surveyed Haynes's career in 301 hours of programming, January 11–23, 2009.^[27]Esquire named Roy Haynes one of the best-dressed men in America in 1960, along with Fred Astaire, Miles Davis, Clark Gable, and Cary Grant.^[8]

In 1994 Haynes was awarded the Danish Jazzpar Prize, and in 1996 the French government knighted him with the Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, France's top literary and artistic honor.^[1] In 1995, the U.S. National Endowment for the Arts named Haynes as a NEA Jazz Master.^[28] Haynes received honorary doctorates from the Berklee College of Music (1991),^[29] and the New England Conservatory of Music (2004),^[30] as well as a Peabody Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the Peabody Institute of The Johns Hopkins University, in 2012.^[31] He was inducted into the DownBeat magazine Hall of Fame in 2004.^[32] On October 9, 2010, he was awarded the Mid Atlantic Arts Foundation's BNY Mellon Jazz Living Legacy Award at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, DC.^[33] In 2001, Haynes's album Birds of a Feather: A Tribute to Charlie Parker was nominated for the 44th Annual Grammy Awards as Best Jazz Instrumental Album.^[34]

On December 22, 2010, Haynes was named a recipient of a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences,^[35] and he received the award at the Special Merit Awards Ceremony & Nominees Reception of the 54th Annual Grammy Awards on February 11, 2012.^[36] In 2019, he was given the Lifetime Achievement Award by the Jazz Foundation of America at the 28th Annual Loft Party.^[37]

• "Roy Haynes" – at Drummerworld, with many images and video links
• "Roy Haynes The Greatest Drummer of All Time" – interview at jazzreview.com, March 2004
• "Roy Haynes Quartet/ Ed Thigpen Sextet Jazz Winnipeg Festival, June 25, 2005" – concert review at trinimansblog.blogspot.com
• "Roy Haynes" – interview for the NAMM Oral History Program, November 8, 2008
• Roy Haynes discography at Discogs
• Roy Haynes at IMDb