Loading article…
Salt Lake, also known as Āliamanu after a nearby crater, or Āliapa‘akai ("salt shallow" in Hawaiian), is a neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii on the island of O‘ahu. The Salt Lake community was developed in the 1960s during a construction boom, providing residents with an expansive view of downtown Honolulu and the sugarcane plantations of the central plain of O‘ahu. It is a community of high-rise condominiums, mid-rise town-dwellings, and houses snaking around the remnants of a now freshwater lake.
The U.S. Postal Code for Salt Lake is 96818. Salt Lake is a part of the 15th District of the Hawaii Senate, currently represented by State Senator Glenn Wakai and the 32nd District of the Hawaii House of Representatives, currently represented by Linda Ichiyama. It is also a part of Council District VII of the City and County of Honolulu, currently represented by Radiant Cordero.
The Salt Lake community is built in the larger and easternmost of three overlapping, low profile, tuff cones or volcanic craters: Makalapa, Āliamanu and Āliapa‘akai. A lake, at one time 1.5 km across (20 ha) but very shallow, formed in the bowl of Āliapa‘akai fed by freshwater springs or possibly seawater seepages (Alexander, 1926 in Maciolek, 1982). Because the lake had no outlet, water loss was largely by evaporation, concentrating salts. The lake was regularly so salty that salt deposits formed around the shore, hence the name "Āliapa‘akai" from āliapaʻakai or "sea encrusting shallows". Natives extracted these deposits to their advantage for personal consumption, and later for trade to Euro-American fur traders who procured the salt as a needed item in preserving their sea otter pelts.[1]
In 1910, an artesian well was dug to bring the water level higher (and salt content lower) for use as a mullet fish pond; a tunnel, dug through the southeast rim of the crater, controlled the water level and provided an outlet (Macdonald, Abbott, and Peterson. 1983). This act, and later construction of a larger drainage outlet, eventually removed the salt from Salt Lake.
An ahupuaʻa in ancient Hawaii was a land division that stretched from a mountain to the sea. The area called Moanalua eventually became the property of the estate of Samuel M. Damon. Before him, it belonged to the House of Kamehameha. Damon was involved with the Provisional Government of Hawaii that took power after the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii and abdication of Queen Liliʻuokalani. Damon later became one of the first trustees of the Kamehameha Schools with his business partner philanthropistCharles Reed Bishop. The Damon estate sold some of the land to commercial and residential developers in 1956. After statehood, Governor of HawaiiJohn A. Burns promoted the development as a modernization project. In 1966 the lake was filled in except for a pond in the Honolulu Country Club golf course at 21°21′18″N157°54′28″W / 21.35500°N 157.90778°W / 21.35500; -157.90778.[2]
Salt Lake's growth was mainly attributed to the ease (in those days) with which residents could travel to and from downtown Honolulu and Waikīkī, where many worked. Salt Lake's main street is Salt Lake Boulevard, running the length of the community, from Moanalua High School to Aloha Stadium, connecting Puuloa Road (Hawaii Route 66) and Kamehameha Highway (Hawaii Route 99). Its major arteries are Ala Ilima Street, Likini Street, Ala Lilikoi Street and Ala Napunani Street. Most of Salt Lake's residential streets are named after native flora and fauna. For example, the ‘ilima is the official flower of the City & County of Honolulu.
Highways and freeways passing close by Salt Lake include the Queen Lili'uokalani Freeway (no exits or entrances), Moanalua Freeway (Exit 2 – Ala Napunani; Exit 3 – Puuloa
Road), and Nimitz Highway (State Route 92).
Salt Lake is almost surrounded by military installations. Nearby Fort Shafter is the headquarters of the United States Army Pacific. Hickam Air Force Base is headquarters of the United States Pacific Air Forces. Pearl Harbor is headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. United States Indo-Pacific Command is to the north of Salt Lake at Camp H. M. Smith. Tripler Army Medical Center, visible on the heights to the northeast, is the principal U.S. military medical facility for Asia and the Pacific Basin. Coast Artillery Battery Tiernon, which mounted 2 X 3" guns, was located at Salt Lake for the protection of Pearl Harbor.
Although not regarded as part of Salt Lake, the Honolulu International Airport is very close, just to the south. The area surrounding the airport is often referred to as the airport district, a commercial and retail region built up along Nimitz Highway. Located there are office buildings, the main United States Postal Service center in the state, and Ke'ehi Lagoon.
A 2003 special feature of the Honolulu Star-Bulletin classified Salt Lake as affluent upper-middle class with equal distribution of European Americans and second and third generations of Filipino Americans and Japanese Americans. Korean American families have also been making their presence known most recently. There are under 30,000 people living in Salt Lake. Based on surveys compiled by the University of Hawaiʻi, residents are composed of mostly Honolulu professionals and military officers choosing to live off base. The neighborhood community is home to the families of officers and enlisted servicemen from the Air Force, Army, Coast Guard and Navy.
According to the 2000 report of the United States Census Bureau, Salt Lake ranked eighth of all the neighborhood communities in Hawai‘i in terms of median annual household income. It ranked second in median home values, then $875,000. Waikīkī was highest.
モアナルア高校は、新しく開発されたコミュニティに 1972 年に開校しました。ホノルル・アドバタイザー紙は、この学校を公立学校の私立学校と称しました。これは、イオラニ学校やプナホウ学校と比較したものです。このコミュニティには、ラドフォード高校、アリアマヌ小学校、アリアマヌ中学校（1997 年まではアリアマヌ中等学校として知られていました）もあります。ソルトレイク小学校は、アリアマヌ火口の斜面に沿ってあります。ホノルル・ローマ・カトリック教区には、ホーリー・ファミリー・カトリック・アカデミーとセント・フィロメナ教会のセント・フィロメナ幼児教育センターの2 つの学校があります。
ソルトレイクの商業中心地は、アラ・イリマ通り、アラ・リリコイ通り、ソルトレイク大通りに囲まれたソルトレイク・ショッピングセンターです。主要テナントは、セーフウェイ・スーパーマーケット、ロングス・ドラッグストア、そしてこの地域唯一のマクドナルドです。1980年代、ホノルル市長のフランク・ファシは、住民が市役所まで足を運ばなくても市のサービスを提供できるよう、ソルトレイク・ショッピングセンターに移動式のサテライト市役所を設置しました。ソルトレイク・ショッピングセンターはかつて、ハワイ州立図書館システムのソルトレイク・モアナルア分館が入居していましたが、現在はアリアマヌ小学校・中学校のキャンパスに移転しています。
ソルトレイクは緑豊かな住宅街として知られ、広大な公園が数多く点在しています。中でも最大の公園は、2003年に改修されたソルトレイク・ディストリクト・パークです。この公園には、アリアマヌ火口とアリアパアカイ火口の斜面を巡るハイキングコースがあります。また、ホノルル市郡が運営する運動場、バスケットボールコート、テニスコート、多目的施設、体育館も備えています。50メートルプールは最近新設された施設です。
高層マンションが立ち並ぶ中に点在する小規模な公園としては、ソルトレイク市立公園があり、毎週土曜日の朝にはピープルズマーケットが開催されます。フランク・ファシ元市長によって設立されたピープルズマーケットでは、ソルトレイク市民が地元の独立系生産者から新鮮な農産物や魚介類を購入できます。アラ・イリマ通りにあるホア・アロハ公園は、週末にサッカーの試合が行われる場所です。
ソルトレイクシティでは、様々な公共の年間イベントが開催されます。