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↑"Baltimore bridge collapse: Racist online attacks on Indian crew of MV Dali". The New Indian Express. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2024. Pajeet is a racist slur in the West to mock Sikhs who often have names ending with "jeet"
↑Sudhakar, Prasiddha. Anti-Hindu Disinformation: A Case Study of Hinduphobia on Social Media(PDF). Rutgers University. First seen on 4Chan, The term "pajeet" is an ethnic slur, coined as a derisive imitation of Indian names. Typically, pajeet is used to describe Indians on the Internet — and, by default — Hindus. John Earnest, the white supremacist shooter of the Chabad Synagogue in San Diego, 2019, had referenced "pajeets" in this manifesto. This slur has also been used by white supremacists in white nationalist podcasts in reference to violent, murderous fantasies about Indians.
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↑Philip Carabott (2003). "The Politics of Constructing the Ethnic "Other": The Greek State and Its Slav-speaking Citizens, ca. 1912 – ca. 1949". Jahrbücher für Geschichte und Kultur Südosteuropas. 5: 159. [...] the seemingly neutral but hardly non-derisive Skopianoi.
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↑Cornelius Osgood (1975). The Chinese: a study of a Hong Kong community, Volume 3. University of Arizona Press. p.1212. ISBN978-0-8165-0418-3. shii leung (shu lang) shii miu (shu miao) shui fan (shui fen) shui kwa (shui kua) sui seung yan (shui shang jen) Shui Sin (Shui Hsien) shuk in (shu yen) ShunTe Sian Sin Ku (Hsien Ku) sin t'it (hsien t'ieh) Sin Yan (Hsien Jen) sing
↑Great Britain. Colonial Office, Hong Kong. Government Information Services (1962). Hong Kong. Govt. Press. p.37. The Tanka are boat dwellers who very seldom settle ashore. They themselves do not much use this name, which they consider derogatory, but usually call themselves 'Nam Hoi Yan (people of the southern sea) or 'Sui Seung Yan
↑National Physical Laboratory (Great Britain) (1962). Report for the year ... H.M.S.O. p.37.
↑Hong Kong: report for the year ... Government Press. 1961. p.40.
↑Hong Kong, Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1962). Hong Kong annual report. H.M.S.O. p.37.
↑Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Hong Kong. Government Information Services (1960). Hong Kong. Govt. Press. p.40.
↑Martin Hürlimann (1962). Hong Kong. Viking Press. p.17. ISBN978-3-7611-0030-1. The Tanka are among the earliest of the region's inhabitants. They call themselves 'Sui Seung Yan', signifying 'those born on the waters'; for they have been a population afloat as far back as men can remember—their craft jostle each other most closely in the fishing port{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
↑Valery M. Garrett (1987). Traditional Chinese clothing in Hong Kong and South China, 1840–1980. Oxford University Press. p.2. ISBN0-19-584174-3. The Tanka dislike the name and prefer 'Sui seung yan', which means 'people who live on the water'.
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↑John Akomfrah 1991 A Touch of the Tarbrush (TV Documentary) 1991
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↑Johansen, Bruce Elliott (2007). The Praeger Handbook on Contemporary Issues in Native America, Volume 2: Legal, Cultural, and Environmental Revival. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. p.340. ISBN978-0-275-99140-1. The usual Native name for New Age fakers is Twinkie.
↑Mihesuah, Devon A. (2009). American Indians: stereotypes & realities (updateded.). Atlanta, Ga.: Clarity Press. ISBN978-0-9328-6395-9. It's little wonder that Indians are closed-mouthed about their spirituality. Non-Indians claiming to be 'spiritual leaders,' 'healers,' and 'medicine men and women' abound in this country, and these 'crystal twinkies' (as a former Hopi student likes to call them) make a pretty decent living at deceiving the public.
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↑Elspeth Reeve (22 November 2011). "Yep, 'Uppity' Is Racist". The Atlantic.
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↑McGirt, Ellen (2 July 2019). "Welcome to Whitopia". Fortune. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2019. Wasichu" is the Lakota term for non-Indian white person, but it also means "the one who takes the best meat for himself.
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↑El-Azhari, Taef (31 March 2016). Black people in the Muslim world. Routledge. ISBN978-1-317-58939-6.
↑Dickson, Paul (2003). War Slang: American Fighting Words and Phrases Since the Civil War. Potomac Books Inc. ISBN978-1-57488-710-5.
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↑Queiroga, Louise (2 May 2019). "Brasileiros protestam contra xenofobia após ofensas na Universidade de Lisboa". O Globo.
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↑Klier, John D. (1982). ""Zhid": Biography of a Russian Epithet". The Slavonic and East European Review. 60 (1): 1–15. ISSN0037-6795. JSTOR4208429.
↑"żyd i Żyd – Poradnia językowa PWN". Sjp.pwn.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 3 March 2022.
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Herbst, Philip (1997). The Color of Words: An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Ethnic Bias in the United States. Yarmouth, Maine: Intercultural Press. ISBN978-1-877864-42-1.
Moore, Bruce, ed. (2004). The Australian Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-551796-5.
Partridge, Eric (2006a). Dalzell, Tom; Victor, Terry (eds.). The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, Volume I: A–I. Routledge. ISBN978-0-415-25937-8.
Partridge, Eric (2006b). Dalzell, Tom; Victor, Terry (eds.). The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, Volume II: J–Z. Routledge. ISBN978-0-415-25938-5.
Rawson, Hugh (1989). Wicked Words: A Treasury of Curses, Insults, Put-downs, and Other Formerly Unprintable Terms from Anglo-Saxon Times to the Present. New York: Crown Publishers. ISBN978-0-517-57334-1.
South Africa Lexicon 2019. Available at:
Spears, Richard A. (1990). Forbidden American English. Lincolnwood, Ill.: Passport Books. ISBN978-0-8442-5152-3.
Spears, Richard A. (2001). Slang and Euphemism: A Dictionary of Oaths, Curses, Insults, Ethnic Slurs, Sexual Slang and Metaphor, Drug Talk, College Lingo, and Related Matters (3rd revised & abridgeded.). New York: Signet. ISBN978-0-451-20371-7.
Wilkes, G. A. (1978). A Dictionary of Australian Colloquialisms. Sydney: Fontana/Collins. ISBN978-0-00-635719-3.
Further reading
Adhikari, Mohamed, editor. Burdened by Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa. UCT Press, 2013, pp.69, 124, 203 ISBN 978-1-92051-660-4 .
Burchfield, Robert. "Dictionaries and Ethnic Sensibilities." In The State of the Language, ed. Leonard Michaels and Christopher Ricks, University of California Press, 1980, pp.15–23.
Croom, Adam M. "Racial Epithets: What We Say and Mean by Them". Dialogue 51 (1):34–45 (2008)
Henderson, Anita. "What's in a Slur?" American Speech, Volume 78, Number 1, Spring 2003, pp.52–74 in Project MUSE
Kennedy, Randall. Nigger: The Strange Career of a Troublesome Word (Pantheon, 2002)
Mencken, H. L. "Designations for Colored Folk." American Speech, 1944. 19: 161–74.
Mathabane, M. (1986). Kaffir Boy: The True Story of a Black Youth's Coming of Age in Apartheid South Africa. Simon & Schuster. (Chapter 2)
Wachal, Robert S. "Taboo and Not Taboo: That Is the Question." American Speech, 2002. vol. 77: 195–206.
Dictionaries
Erin McKean, ed. The New Oxford American Dictionary, second edition. (Oxford University Press, 2005)
Eric Partridge, A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2002)
John A. Simpson, Oxford English Dictionary Additions Series. ISBN0-19-861299-0
Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson, ed. The Concise Oxford English Dictionary. (Oxford University Press, 2004)
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