Article 77 of the Constitution of Egypt provides for the term of office of the President.[8]
Article 88 of the Constitution of Egypt provides for the method of election of Members of the People's Assembly.[8]
Article 93 of the Constitution of Egypt provides for the method of challenging the election of Members of the People's Assembly.[8]
Article 148 of the Constitution of Egypt provides for the imposition of a State of Emergency.[8]
Article 179 of the Constitution of Egypt allows the President to authorize all courts (including military courts) to try people charged of terrorism.[8]
Article 189 of the Constitution of Egypt provides for the Amendment method of the Constitution.[8]
Proposed amendments
Summary
Women standing in line to vote on the 2011 Egyptian constitutional referendumThe men's line during the referendum, in the up-scale neighborhood of Mokattam Hill in Cairo
The proposed amendments include the following:
Article 75: A candidate would be ineligible if he or she had dual nationality, parents who were citizens of countries other than Egypt or married to a non-Egyptian.
Article 76: Easing the requirements for being a presidential candidate.
Article 77: Limiting the terms a president can serve to two consecutive terms, each four years only.
Article 88: The juridical system is responsible for monitoring the election process.
Article 93: would give the highest appeal court the power to rule on challenges to disputed parliamentary races, whereas before only the parliament could decide.
Article 139: The president must appoint a vice-president within 60 days of the start of the term
Article 148: would impose new restrictions on the president declaring a state of emergency, including requiring the approval of a parliamentary majority, and says it cannot exceed six months unless it is extended through a referendum.
(Article 179): would be canceled. The article allows the president to use military courts for "terror" cases even for civilians.
(Article 189): Require the newly elected parliament to write a new constitution within 60 days.
Article 75
The committee proposed a number of qualifications for a person seeking to nominate themselves in presidential elections, including:
The nominee must be an Egyptian citizen
Both of the nominee’s parents must be Egyptian citizens
The nominee must not be under a suspension of political and civic rights
Neither the nominee nor the nominee’s parents may have held foreign citizenship
The nominee must not be married to a foreigner
The nominee must be at least 40 years of age
Article 76
The committee proposed 3 tracks for nomination which candidates may choose in presidential elections:
Nominees must win the endorsement of 30 elected members of Parliament;
Nominees must win the endorsement of 30,000 registered voters from 15 governorates with at least 1000 endorsements from each of those governorates;
Parties with at least one elected seat in parliament may nominate one of their members in presidential elections.
Members of Parliament and voters may not endorse the nomination of more than 1 candidate for president.
Article 77
The committee proposed that the term of the President be reduced to four years and that a limit of two terms be adopted.
The issue of limiting presidential powers was postponed until after the elections as part of the new constitution drafting process.[9]
Article 88
The committee proposed that elections and referendums, from voter registration to the announcement of results, be administered and supervised by an all-judge High Elections Commission, whose composition and mandate will be defined by law.
Members of the judiciary nominated by the supreme councils of the judicial agencies and appointed by the High Elections Commission will supervise ballot casting and counting.
Article 93
The Committee proposed that competence to determine the validity of membership of parliamentarians be transferred from parliament to the Supreme Constitutional Court. Challenges to the validity of the membership of a parliamentarian must be filed with the Court within 30 days of the election of the parliamentarian in question and decided upon by the Court within 90 days. The ruling the Court would be final.
Article 139
The committee proposed that the president be required to appoint one or more vice-presidents within 60 days of taking office, and that the president shall determine them and of the vice-president. If the vice-president is dismissed from office, the president must appoint a replacement.
The same qualifications that apply to the presidency would also apply to the vice-president. (See Article 75)
Article 148
The Committee proposed that the consent of a majority of the members of the People’s Assembly be required to declare a state of emergency. In addition, the Committee proposed that the state of emergency could only be declared for a period of up to 6 months. Also, a renewal of the state of emergency would require a popular referendum.
A Salafist hang a sign, which distinguish between those who are voting yes, and those voting no in front of a committee.[24]
The two women wearing a niqāb distributed leaflets calling for a vote yes in front of a committee.[24]
Results
Another view of the men's line in Mokattam during the referendum. The queue was so long it extended well outside the built-up area and into the desert.
By governorate
References
↑الأرقام الفعلية للتصويت (in Arabic). اللجنة القضائية العليا للإشراف علي استفتاء تعديل الدستور المصري. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
↑Zayan, Jailan (4 March 2011). "AFP: New Egypt PM addresses crowds in Tahrir Square". Retrieved 19 March 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
12Michael, Maggie (11 March 2011). "Constitutional amendments approved in Egypt referendum". The Star. Toronto. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
↑"Commission announces proposed changes to Egyptian Constitution | Al-Masry Al-Youm: Today's News from Egypt". Al-Masry Al-Youm. 26 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
↑"Egypt cyber activists say they met military rulers". Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 15 February 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑"Egypt to call March referendum this week: lawyer". Reuters. 27 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
123"BBC News - Q&A: Egypt's constitutional referendum". bbc.co.uk. 11 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
12345678"THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT, as amended 2007"(PDF). constitutionnet.org. 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
↑"BBC News - Egypt's army passes draft constitutional amendments". Bbc.co.uk. 26 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
↑"Majority of Egyptians against constitutional amendments, says poll | Al-Masry Al-Youm: Today's News from Egypt". Al-Masry Al-Youm. 13 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
↑Egypt military calls for media silence on referendum beginning Friday, Al-Masry Al-Youm
↑Armed Forces form committee to analyze opposition to amendments, Al-Masry Al-Youm