Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), otherwise known as lupus, is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy cells.[35] Lupus is prominent in systemic lupus erythematosus preventing macrophages and monocytes from degrading neutrophil extracellular traps[36] and immune complexes.[37][38][39] The failure to degrade internalized immune complexes rises from irregularly extended activity of mTORC2, which impairs lysosome acidification.[40] As a result, immune complexes in the lysosome recycle to the surface of macrophages causing an accumulation of DNA fragments and nuclear complexes which triggers an immune response from the body which is leads to the multiple lupus-associated pathologies.[37][41][42]
Different types of enzymes present in lysosomes
There are over 50 different types of hydrolytic enzymes in lysosomes,[5] the table below shows a few of the main types and their substrates. It is important to keep in mind that each category below has multiple different types of enzymes.
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↑Brouillette, Monique (1 December 2016). "Biology 101 Update: A Cell's Lysosomes Are More Than Garbage Disposals". Scientific American.
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↑Nguyen, Jenny A.; Yates, Robin M. (25 February 2021). "Better Together: Current Insights Into Phagosome-Lysosome Fusion". Frontiers in Immunology. 12 636078. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.636078. PMC7946854. PMID33717183.
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↑Bird, Lauren E; Edgington-Mitchell, Laura E; Newton, Hayley J (August 2023). "Eat, prey, love: Pathogen-mediated subversion of lysosomal biology". Current Opinion in Immunology. 83 102344. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2023.102344. PMID37245414.
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External links
This article incorporates public domain material from Science Primer. NCBI. Archived from the original on 8 December 2009.
3D structures of proteins associated with lysosome membrane