↑The notation Old Style or (OS) is sometimes used to indicate a date in the Julian Calendar (which is used by churches on the "Old Calendar").The notation New Style or (NS), indicates a date in the Revised Julian calendar (which is used by churches on the "New Calendar").
↑A martyr in Rome. Still only a catechumen, this foster-sister of St. Agnes was found by pagans praying at the tomb of the recently martyred Agnes and was stoned to death.
↑A Greek, driven from the East by the Arians, he became second Bishop of Teano in central Italy in 346.
↑"At Toledo, St. Ildefonsus, bishop, who, on account of his great purity of life, and his defense of the virginity of the Mother of God against the heretics who impugned it, received from her a brilliant white vestment, and being renowned for sanctity, was called to heaven."[16]
↑Nephew of St. Eugene of Toledo in Spain. He knew St. Isidore of Seville and became a monk and Abbot of Agli on the Tagus near Toledo. He became Archbishop there in 657. He excelled as a writer, especially on the Mother of God.
↑"Abbot Damascene (1835-1881). January 25. In the direct line of Paisius Velichkovsky's disciples, Cleopas, Theodore and Euthymius, the humble Abbot Damascene was placed as head of Valaam, that Athos of the North, at the insistence of such a luminary as Bishop Ignatius Brianchaninov. Abbot Damascene fortified the eremitic life by building isolated sketes with an austere typicon which bore fruit an hundred fold for generations of great ascetics. Thus, Abbot Damascene is rightly called a builder of saints. He is also called a saint, as he has been known to appear from the other world to console and protect those who keep his memory. It is interesting to note that though he was a simple, uneducated man, Abbot Damascene possessed a great sense of appreciation of the arts; he encouraged artists, musicians and students to visit Valaam and create by being inspired by Valaam's natural beauty. The painters Shishkm, Aivazovsky, and the composer Tchaikovsky were among them. The latter, having been snowed-in on Valaam, had an opportunity to hearken to inspiration and wrote his first symphony, in which he depicted the blizzard and the freeze and thaw of the watery element. He entitled this work "Winter Dreams"."[27]
↑Saint Salamanēs the Silent of the Euphrates. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)Ὁ Ὅσιος Μαϋσιμᾶς ὁ ΣύροςArchived 2025-07-12 at the Wayback Machine. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
↑Venerable Mausimas the Syrian. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)Οἱ Ἅγιοι Δύο ΜάρτυρεςArchived 2025-07-12 at the Wayback Machine. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
12The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas (ROCOR). St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004. St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p. 9.
123456789January 23Archived 2016-03-26 at the Wayback Machine. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
12345February 5 / January 23. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
↑Saint Paulinus the Merciful, Bishop of Nola. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. pp. 23–24.
↑Venerable Gennadius of Kostroma. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἀλέξανδρος ἐκ ΡωσίαςArchived 2025-12-13 at the Wayback Machine. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
12345(in Russian)23 января (ст.ст.) 5 февраля 2013 (нов. ст.)Archived 2013-12-15 at the Wayback Machine. Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. (DECR).
↑Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἀνατόλιος ὁ Ἱερομάρτυρας Ἐπίσκοπος ὈδησσοῦArchived 2025-06-17 at the Wayback Machine. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
↑Michael J. Walsh. A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West. Liturgical Press, 2007. p. 37. ISBN9780814631867
↑Commemoration of the Holy Fathers of the Sixth Ecumenical Council. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)Σύναξις πάντων τῶν ἐν Καστρόμᾳ τῆς Ρωσίας διαλαμψάντων ἉγίωνArchived 2025-07-12 at the Wayback Machine. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
↑Synaxis of the Saints of Kostroma. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑Translation of the relics of Saint Theoctistus, Archbishop of Novgorod. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
↑VALAAM PATERICONArchived 2018-05-29 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved: 18 December 2013.
Sources
January 23 / February 5. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
February 5 / January 23. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
January 23. OCA - The Lives of the Saints.
The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas (ROCOR). St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004. St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p. 9.
January 23. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. pp. 23–24.
Rev. Richard Stanton. A Menology of England and Wales, or, Brief Memorials of the Ancient British and English Saints Arranged According to the Calendar, Together with the Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries. London: Burns & Oates, 1892. pp. 33–34.
Greek Sources
Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek)23 ΙΑΝΟΥΑΡΙΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
(in Greek) Συναξαριστής. 23 Ιανουαρίου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).
Russian Sources
(in Russian)5 февраля (23 января). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru).
(in Russian)23 января (ст.ст.) 5 февраля 2013 (нов. ст.)Archived 2013-12-15 at the Wayback Machine. Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. (DECR).
