Liu Xiang (scholar)

Liu Xiang (77–6 BCE^[1]), born Liu Gengsheng, courtesy nameZizheng, was a Chinese astronomer, historian, librarian, poet, politician, and writer of the Western Han dynasty. Among his polymathic scholarly specialties were history, literary bibliography, and astronomy. He is particularly well known for his bibliographic work in cataloging and editing the extensive imperial library.

Liu Gengsheng was born in Xuzhou. Being a distant relative of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han dynasty, he was a member of the ruling dynastic clan (the Liu family). Liu Xiang's father ranked as a marquess.^[2] Liu Xiang's son, Liu Xin, would continue the scholarly tradition of his father and his relative Liu An (the Prince of Huainan).

By the beginning of Emperor Yuan's reign, Liu Xiang was a member of a group of Confucian officials, including Xiao Wangzhi, who wished to limit the power of the emperor's female family members relatives' clans, the Shi and the Xu. He ended up on the losing side of a power struggle between the powerful eunuch's Hong Gong and Shi Xian. Briefly imprisoned, Liu Xiang was terminated from his official position, and he received no new appointments to the office for the next fifteen years.^[3]

The succession of Emperor Cheng to the imperial throne was accompanied by a realignment of power among the various factions involved in government, and Liu Xiang was able to revive his official prospects. In 26 BCE, at the command of the emperor, Liu Xiang spent much of the rest of the 20-odd years of his life engaged in the massive bibliographic work of organizing the imperial library.^[4]:51 This work was assisted by his son, Liu Xin, who finally completed the task after his father's death.

In comparison with Mencius, who considered human nature good, and Xunzi, who considered human nature bad, Han dynasty poet Yang Xiong is known for considering human nature "mixed".^[5] Liu Xiang can be compared with Yang Xiong, considering human nature mixed.^[6]

劉氏は、皇帝の図書館の最初の目録である『別録』を編纂し、息子が完成 させた『山海経』の最初の編纂者として知られている。[ 7 ]^また、劉氏は、 『戦国策』、『新序』 、 『説苑』、『連女伝』などの物語や伝記のコレクションも編集した。[8] 道教の聖人伝や賛歌^を集めた『連仙伝』の編纂者として、長らく誤って伝えられてきた。^{[ 9 ]}

劉翔は詩人でもあった。彼は『楚歌』に収録されている「九譚」の作者とされている。^{[ 10 ]}

• 儒教の古典
• Guodian Chu スリップ
• 劉安
• 漢王朝の科学技術
• 司馬遷
• 司馬譚

• 費正剛「劉翔」『中国百科事典（哲学版）』初版
• ホークス、デイヴィッド、翻訳・序文（2011年［1985年］）。屈原ほか、『南歌：屈原他による古代中国詩選集』。ロンドン：ペンギンブックス。ISBN 978-0-14-044375-2
• ハットン、エリック・L.編（2016）。『荀子哲学への道教的手引き』。中国哲学への道教的手引きシリーズ第7巻。ニューヨーク ：シュプリンガー出版。doi ： 10.1007 /978-94-017-7745-2。ISBN 978-94-017-7745-2。
  • ティワルド、ジャスティン（2016）。「中国の新儒教における荀子」。ハットン、エリック・L（編） 『荀子の哲学への道教的手引き』。中国哲学への道教的手引き。第7巻。ドルトレヒト：シュプリンガー。435-473 頁。doi ： 10.1007 /978-94-017-7745-2_15。ISBN  978-94-017-7743-8。
• ローウェ、マイケル。（1986）。「前漢王朝」、『ケンブリッジ中国史：第1巻：秦と漢の帝国、紀元前221年～紀元後220年』、103～222頁。デニス・トゥイチェットおよびマイケル・ローウェ編。ケンブリッジ：ケンブリッジ大学出版局。ISBN 0-521-24327-0。

• プロジェクト・グーテンベルクにおける劉翔の作品