COVID-19パンデミックの初期の発生から、COVID-19の原因ウイルスであるSARS-CoV-2の実験室起源の可能性についての噂や憶測が広まった。実験室起源説のさまざまなバージョンでは、コウモリ由来のSARS-CoV-2の祖先がヒトに感染した可能性のあるさまざまなシナリオが提示されており、その中には自然または人工ウイルスの実験室での感染も含まれる。初期の噂の中には、生物兵器としてのウイルスの意図的な漏洩、または人工ウイルスの偶発的な漏洩に焦点を当てたものもあった。情報公開請求によって入手した以前の電子メールで、Proximal Originsの筆頭著者であるKristian G. Andersenは、これらの噂を払拭することに注力していると述べ、「現在出回っている主な荒唐無稽な理論は、このウイルスが何らかの意図をもって人工的に作られたというものだ」と語った。
Natural selection produced the human coronavirus by mutation in humans. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with furin, an enzyme found in human cells. Furin-like sites are present in other viruses such as HIV and Ebola virus, but not in bat or pangolin coronaviruses, suggesting that the specific furin interaction developed only in humans.
Opposition
Proponents of a laboratory leak argued that the authors concealed conflicts of interest related to their own research.[9][10][11] In 2023, Republicans in the United States raised an allegation that the paper was a coverup to suppress the COVID-19 lab leak theory.[12][13] Republicans alleged that a conference call between some of the letter's authors and senior scientists including Anthony Fauci, prior to the publication of the letter, was intended to cover up a laboratory leak.[1][14][15][16] In 2023, House Republicans released private messages shared by the authors of the paper, expressing a range of views, including credibility for a lab leak hypothesis, not included in the final and peer-reviewed publication.[17]
References
12Jon, Cohen (2023-07-11). "Politicians, scientists spar over alleged NIH cover-up using COVID-19 origin paper". Science. doi:10.1126/science.adj7036.
↑"Wenstrup to Hold Hearing with "Proximal Origins" Authors". United States House Committee on Oversight and Accountability. 2023-08-11. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
1234Andersen, Kristian G.; Rambaut, Andrew; Lipkin, W. Ian; Holmes, Edward C.; Garry, Robert F. (2020-03-17). "The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2". Nature Medicine. 26 (4): 450–452. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9. PMC7095063. PMID32284615.
↑"Experts know the new coronavirus is not a bioweapon. They disagree on whether it could have leaked from a research lab". 30 March 2020.
↑Kormann, Carolyn (12 October 2021). "The Mysterious Case of the COVID-19 Lab-Leak Theory". The New Yorker.
↑Ktori, Sophia (2020-03-19). "Coronavirus Evolved Naturally, and 'Is Not a Laboratory Construct,' Genetic Study Shows". GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
↑Campbell, Molly (2020-03-18). "Scientists "Firmly Determine" That SARS-CoV-2 Was Not Engineered". Genomics Research from Technology Networks. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
↑Mandal, Ananya (2020-03-30). "Origins of SARS-CoV-2 – natural or man-made?". News-Medical.net. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
↑Helden, Jacques van; Butler, Colin D.; Achaz, Guillaume; Canard, Bruno; Casane, Didier; Claverie, Jean-Michel; Colombo, Fabien; Courtier, Virginie; Ebright, Richard H.; Graner, François; Leitenberg, Milton; Morand, Serge; Petrovsky, Nikolai; Segreto, Rossana; Decroly, Etienne; Halloy, José (October 16, 2021). "An appeal for an objective, open, and transparent scientific debate about the origin of SARS-CoV-2". The Lancet. 398 (10309): 1402–1404. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02019-5. PMC8448488. PMID34543608.
↑Gorman, James; Zimmer, Carl (14 June 2021). "Scientist Opens up About His Early Email to Fauci on Virus Origins". The New York Times.
↑"House Republicans Release Text of Redacted Fauci Emails on Covid Origins". 12 January 2022.
↑Diamond, Dan (2023-07-14). "GOP probes covid origin paper as authors protest 'absurd' allegations". Washington Post. ISSN0190-8286. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
↑Stolberg, Sheryl Gay; Mueller, Benjamin (2023-07-11). "Scientists, Under Fire From Republicans, Defend Fauci and Covid Origins Study". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
↑"Unredacted NIH Emails Show Efforts to Rule Out Lab Origin of Covid". 19 January 2023.
↑"The e-mails that helped shape a major scientific paper on the origin of SARS-CoV-2". Le Monde.fr. 19 December 2022.