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Mộc Châu [mə̰ʔwk˨˩:ʨəw˧˧] is a former town of Sơn La province in the Northwest region of Vietnam.[3]
Its name Mộc-châu in Kinh language is originated from Muaeng Mol (Mường Mỗi, "the land of barbarians") in the Black Tai language. This word is used to refer to the Xá ethnic groups, who are the ancient owners of the land. After being expelled from Mộc Châu, they transformed into Muong people.
During the Lý-Trần dynasties, the land where Mộc Châu is now the Southern part of Đà Giang province (Đà-giang đạo) of the Annamese Empire, although it was still completely independent in reality. A leader was well known in Annamese history called Trịnh Giốc Mật.
Previously, the strip of land from Mộc Châu to Mai Châu was once considered one and had no official name. Until the end of the Early Lê dynasty, or the 17th century, this area was divided into three parts : Mộc Châu belonged to Black Tai leaders (Taydam), and Mai Châu for the White Tai ones (Taykhao), in addition to a few of villages in the southernmost became the part of Xam Neua (Muang Phuan kingdom). The situation like this was almost kept until the Nguyễn dynasty completely weakened by the pressure of the French colonialists.
During the French colonial period, Mộc Châu's leadership clans were recognized by the French government in Indochina with limited autonomy within the Tai Federation. They were allowed to have their own flags and guards. Currently, the Sơn La Provincial Museum still stores some black flags with embroidered white snakes, which are symbols of the land.
In the 1952 Nasan campaign ("cassava field" in Tai language), Mộc Châu was used by Vietminh forces as a military supply center to quickly cut off the "stomach" of the French armies (CEFEO) in the Northwest region.
2025年11月14日、ベトナム国会常任委員会は、2023年から2025年の期間におけるソンラ省の郡およびコミューンの行政単位の配置に関する決議第1280/NQ-UBTVQH15号を発布した。これに基づき、旧モクチャウ郡の自然面積1,072.09 km2、人口148,259人を基盤として、モクチャウ町が正式に設立された。付属行政単位に関しては、モクチャウ町には、 8つの区と7つのコミューンを含む、コミューンレベルの15の行政単位がある。11月25日、ソンラ省人民委員会は記者会見を開き、 2025年1月18日にモクチャウ町の設立を発表する式典を開催することで合意した。
17世紀頃の白タイ族の有名な叙事詩『タイ・プー・スク』と『クアム・トゥ・ムオン』には、モックチャウ（ムアエンモル）という名前が言及されている。
古い伝説によると、モクチャウはかつて黒タイ族とサー族の境界を分けるための競馬が行われた場所だった。タイ族の男たちは生まれたばかりの馬を使って競馬に参加し、その結果、サー族を追い払ってホアビン省に追い返した。現在、草地競馬は毎年旧正月に開催される祭りとなっている。
モクチャウは、白タイ族や黒タイ族、ムオン族などの山岳民族、緑豊かな茶畑、モクチャウミルク、ダイイェム滝の自然景観、山松、蘭園の花々などで、ベトナム人観光客や外国人観光客に人気があります。
この町までは車で5時間かかり、ハノイからモクチャウまでの距離は200キロメートル（120マイル）です。
モックチャウ市（Thị-xã Mộc-châu）は首都ハノイから200キロメートル離れた場所にあります。2019年時点で人口は114,460人でした。[ 2 ]市の面積は1081.66 km 2で、[ 1 ]ソンラ省の12の市区の中で8番目に大きいです。[ 4 ]
モクチャウは、ベトナムの景観の水平分類システムにおいて高地景観に分類され、気候、生態系、人々の生活に特徴がある。
Moc Chau is distributed on the terrain with an average elevation of more than 1,050 m above the sea level. The annual average temperature of Moc Chau is 18.7 °C, it has cool climate due to lying between the Da River (northeast) and Ma River (southwest). These two river systems act as two natural air conditioning systems. At the same time, Moc Chau has a high climate division along the belt, so it has both the characteristics of the subtropical and temperate highland climate, which is very convenient for developing tourism for the whole year.
