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ブリティッシュコロンビア州アボッツフォードにあるグル・シーク寺院（パンジャブ語: ਗੁਰ ਸਿੱਖ਼ ਗੁਰਦੁਵਾਰਾ、別名アボッツフォード・シーク寺院）は、北米で現存する最古のシーク教寺院であり、カナダの国定史跡である。[ 1 ]インドとパキスタン以外で国定史跡に指定されている唯一のシーク教寺院である。
1911年に開堂したこのグルドワラは、大陸で現存する最古のグルドワラですが、カナダと北米で建設されたグルドワラとしては3番目に古いものです。カナダで最初のグルドワラは、 1905年にブリティッシュコロンビア州ゴールデンに初期のシーク教徒カナダ人入植者によって建設されました[ 2 ] [ 3 ]が、後に1926年に火災で焼失しました[ 4 ]。一方、カナダで2番目に古いグルドワラは、1908年にキツィラノ（バンクーバー）に開堂し、当時フォールスクリーク沿いの近くの製材所で働いていた増加するシーク教徒入植者に奉仕することを目的としていました。このグルドワラは後に1970年に閉鎖され、取り壊され、寺院協会はバンクーバー南部のロスストリートに新しく建設されたグルドワラに移転しました[ 5 ] 。
最初のシーク教徒の開拓者たちは1905年にアボッツフォード地域にやって来て、当初は農場や製材業に従事していた。[ 6 ]グルドワラを建設する最初の計画は1908年に立てられた。丘の上にある土地を取得した後、入植者たちは地元の製材所から木材を背負って丘の上まで運び、グルドワラを建設した。[ 6 ]
When the Gurdwara opened on February 26, 1911, Sikhs and non-Sikhs from across British Columbia attended the ceremony and a local newspaper reported on the event.[7] The temple was a two-floor building that from the outside looked like the contemporary wood houses often seen in local frontier towns.[7] Features and decoration typical for Sikh architecture and design were only used in the interior. The first floor contains the Langar and common dining room for the community, and the second floor contains the prayer hall.[7] The building was extended twice in 1932 and in the 1960s. Until 1975 the Gurdwara belonged to the Khalsa Diwan Society Vancouver (founded in 1905), then it was transferred to the Khalsa Diwan Society Abbotsford, who wished for greater autonomy.[8] In 1983, a new, much larger temple with a completely different architectural style was built on the opposite side of the road.[7] The old temple was designated a National Historic Site in 2002, with the designation declared by Prime Minister Jean Chretien at a ceremony on July 26.[7] In 2007, the temple reopened after renovation. For 2011, a small museum in the basement was planned in connection with the temple's 100-year anniversary.[7] To mark the centennial (1911-2011) of Gur Sikh Temple, Prime Minister Stephen Harper inaugurated the Sikh Heritage Museum on the ground floor of the Temple.[9][10]
On May 19, 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau visited the Canada 150 exhibit at the Sikh Heritage Museum.[11]
The original temple in Golden sat on a corner of a lot, in the south western area of town at the end of the street looking toward where Rona is now. The largest influx of men came from South Asia around 1905, which would be the time period that the temple in Golden would have began services. In 1926, a fire burned the timber limits of the Columbia River Lumber Company, where the South Asian men worked.
"We acknowledge the Gurdwara in Golden as the first in B.C., and quite likely the first in North America," said Pyara Lotay, on behalf of the local Sikh community. "We thank the B.C. government for recognizing Golden's Sikh pioneers and their place of worship with this Stop of Interest."
The original temple sat on the corner of a lot, which is now owned by Gurmit Manhas, at the end of the street past the School Board Office looking towards the Rona. Plans are being put together to erect a kiosk there that would share information about the original building, the first South Asian people to Canada, the importance of the Gurdwara to the Sikh people and the history of why they left and what brought them back. The largest influx of men came from South Asia in about 1905-06, which would be the time period that the Temple would have begun services. In 1926 a fire burned the timber limits of the Columbia River Lumber Company, where all the South Asian men worked and the men left for the coast having no work to do. When the forest started to grow back the men came back and soon it was necessary to build the present Gurdwara on 13th Street South.
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