Ostap Dashkevych

Ostaphii "Ostap" Dashkevych or Dashkovych (Ukrainian: Остафій Дашкевич, Остафій Іванович Дашкович;^[1] born in Ovruch 1470 – died after 1535) was one of the earliest recorded leaders of an organized Cossack defense force.

Dashkevych held a position of starosta in Cherkasy and Kaniv (1514–35). At the early stages of development of Cossacks he was informally referred to as a ataman. Some sources as well as oral tradition claim that Dashkevych lived past the age of 80, at which age he routed the Tatars at Cherkasy.

The information about his origin is very scarce. The Polish poet from Kyiv region Józef Bohdan Zaleski in the foreword of his duma "Out of the Savur's Grave or duma about the first hetman" wrote that in his childhood he heard stories about Daszko Wisnowecki who lived on the Knyahynia [Princess] island just south of Kodak. According to the folk tale, the prince perished in his youth leaving on the island his wife (supposedly of Polish origin) and his son who eventually became a glorious Cossack hetman. Zaleski suggests that Ostap Dashkevych was a son of Daszko Wisnowecki. In his opinion, the origin of Dashkevych from the Princes Wisnoweckis could be confirmed as Ostap Dashkevych has the same family coat of arms. According to Seweryn Uruski, a Polish heraldry specialist, Dashkevych belonged to the Leliwa coat of arms.

Ostap Dashkevych of Orthodox Christian religion, he was presumably a descendant of Rurikid and Gengisid from Ovruch. Dashkevych also became known as a founder of Zaporizhian Host. He donated his lands near Kyiv to the Church of Resurrection of Christ at Podil in Kyiv. His estate eventually transformed into the village of Voskresenska Slobidka and later gave a name to the Voskresenka neighborhood which is now a part of modern Kyiv on the left bank of Dnieper.

He took part in the 1507 uprising of Michael Glinski against King Zygmunt I the Old. In 1514, he became the starosta of both Kaniv and Cherkasy.

ダシュケヴィチは有能な指導者であった。彼はウクライナ防衛のためのコサック軍の組織化だけでなく、トルコ人やタタール人に対する攻勢作戦の組織化においても重要な役割を果たした。 1533年、ピョートルクフで彼はセイム（ポーランド議会）に計画を提出し、当時ポーランド・リトアニア共和国の南部国境を構成していたウクライナ防衛のために、コサックを常備軍として組織するよう共和国政府に勧告した。彼の計画は承認されたものの、共和国からの援助は得られなかった。

ダシュケヴィチがクリミア・タタール人によるチェルカスイ略奪の試みを撃退した功績は、トマシュ・パドゥラのバラード「ドゥマ・リチェルスカ」で称えられている。

• 登録コサック
• ザポロージャ・コサックのヘトマン

• ドミトロ・ドロシェンコ、ウクライナ史概説、編。オーレ・ジェラス（ウィニペグ、1975年）。
• オスタフィー・ダシュケヴィチ、ウクライナ百科事典
• ウクライナ史ハンドブック（2012年3月5日時点のアーカイブ）
• スブテルニー、オレスト（1988）。ウクライナ：歴史（初版 ）。トロント：トロント大学出版局。ISBN 0-8020-8390-0。
• チロフスキー、ニコラス・L. (1984).ウクライナ史入門 第2巻：ポーランド支配とコサック・ヘトマン国家. ニューヨーク：フィロソフィカル・ライブラリー. ISBN 0-8022-2407-5。
• ヤコヴェンコ、ナタリア(2006)。中世および近世のウクライナの歴史の概要。クリティカ。ISBN 9667679829。