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ティレア（古代ギリシア語: Θυρέα）、別名ティラエア、ティレアエ、ティレアイ（Θυρέαι）は、キュヌリアの町であり、古代アルゴリスと古代ラコニアの間で争奪戦が繰り広げられた。その領土はティレアティス（Θυρεᾶτις）と呼ばれた。パウサニアスによれば、ティレアは神話上の人物、リュカオンの息子ティラエオスにちなんで名付けられた。[ 1 ]
ティレアは、アルゴスとスパルタの間で行われたチャンピオンの戦い（紀元前546 年頃）の舞台として歴史に名を残している。ヘロドトスによれば、スパルタはティレアの平原を包囲し占領した。アルゴス人が防衛のために進軍した際、両軍は各都市から300人のチャンピオンを戦わせ、勝者がその領土を獲得することで合意した。[ 2 ]紀元前464年には、ティレア人がスパルタ人を支援してヘイロタイの反乱を鎮圧したという話が伝わってくる。
When the Aeginetans were expelled from their own island by the Athenians, at the commencement of the Peloponnesian War (431 BCE), the Spartans allowed them to settle in the Thyreatis, which at that time contained two towns, Thyrea and Anthene or Athene, both of which were made over to the fugitives.[3] Here they maintained themselves till the 8th year of the Peloponnesian War, when the Athenians made a descent upon the coast of the Thyreatis, where they found the Aeginetans engaged in building a fortress upon the sea. This was forthwith abandoned by the latter, who took refuge in the upper city (ἡ ἄνω πόλις) at the distance of 10 stadia from the sea; but the Athenians followed them, took Thyrea, which they destroyed, and dragged away the inhabitants into slavery.[4]Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander the Great, gave back the Thyreatis to the Argives, and extended their territory along the coast as far as Glympeis and Zarax.[5] It continued to belong to the Argives in the time of Pausanias;[6] but even then the ancient boundary quarrels between the Argives and Spartans still continued.[7]
The Thyreatis, or territory of Thyrea, was a district of Cynuria, and was one of the most fertile plains in the Peloponnesus. It extends about 6 miles (10 km) in length along the coast, south of the pass Anigraea and the mountain Zavitsa. Its breadth is narrow, as the projecting spurs of Mount Parnon are never more than 3 miles (5 km), and sometimes only about a mile (1.6 km) from the coast. It is watered by two streams; one on its northern, and the other on its southern extremity. The former called Tanus (Τάνος)[8] or Tanaus (Τάναος)[9] formed the boundary between the Argeia and Laconia in the time of Euripides, who accordingly represents it as the boundary between the two states in the heroic age.[9] The stream, which waters the southern extremity of the plain, is smaller than the Tanus; it also rises in Mt. Parnon, and appears in ancient times to have borne the name of Charadrus, which is described by Statius,[10] as flowing in a long valley near Neris. The bay between the two rivers was called the Thyreatic Gulf (ὁ Θυρεάτης κόλπος).[8]
Its site is tentatively located near the modern Kastraki Meligou,[11][12] in Arcadia prefecture, North Kynouria municipality, northwest of Astros.
この記事は、現在パブリックドメインとなっている出版物からのテキストを組み込んでいます。Smith , William編 (1854–1857)「キュヌリア」『ギリシア・ローマ地理辞典』ロンドン：ジョン・マレー。
北緯37度23分42秒、東経22度43分59秒/北緯37.395度、東経22.733度/北緯37.395度、東経22.733度