The True-Born Englishman

The True-Born Englishman is a satirical poem published in 1701 by English writer Daniel Defoe defending King William III, who was Dutch-born, against xenophobic attacks by his political enemies in England. The poem quickly became a bestseller in England.^[1]

According to a preface Defoe supplied to an edition of 1703, the poem's declared target is not Englishness as such but English cultural xenophobia, against the cultural disturbance new immigrants from Continental Europe caused. Defoe's argument was that the English nation as it already existed in his time was a product of various emigrating European ethnic groups, from the Ancient Britons to Anglo-Saxons, Normans and beyond. It was therefore nonsensical to abuse newer arrivals since the English law and customs would assure their inevitable assimilation:

I only infer, that an English Man, of all Men ought not to despise Foreigners as such, and I think the Inference is just, since what they are to Day, we were yesterday, and to morrow they will be like us. If Foreigners misbehave in their several Stations and Employments, I have nothing to do with that; the Laws are open to punish them equally with Natives, and let them have no Favour. But when I see the Town full of Lampoons and Invectives against Dutchmen, Only because they are Foreigners, and the King Reproached and Insulted by Insolent Pedants, and Ballad-making Poets, for employing Foreigners, and for being a Foreigner himself, I confess my self moved by it to remind our Nation of their own Original, thereby to let them see what a Banter is put upon our selves in it; since speaking of Englishmen ab Origine, we are really all Foreigners our selves.^[2]

こうして、あらゆるものの混ざり合いから、 異質なもの、イングランド人が生まれた。 熱烈な強姦と激しい欲望の中で、 彩色されたブリテンとスコットランド人の間に生まれた。 その子孫はすぐに頭を下げ、 雌牛をローマの鋤に繋ぐことを覚えた。そこから、 名前も国籍も言語も名声もない、雑種の 混血種が生まれた。その熱い血管には、サクソン人とデーン人の 混ざり合いが急速に流れ込ん だ。 一方、彼らの卑しい娘たちは、両親に正当に、 あらゆる国の男たちを無節操な欲望で受け入れた。この吐き気を催すような子孫には、イングランド人 のよく抽出された血が 直接含まれていた。^{[ 3 ]}

この抜粋は、歴史家であり政治学者でもあるベネディクト・アンダーソンが、 1983年に出版したナショナリズムの起源を論じた著書『想像の共同体』のエピグラムとして使用した。^{[ 4 ]}

• 「ルミナリウム版『真の英国人』」
• プロジェクト・グーテンベルクの生粋のイギリス人