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Wotton Underwood is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, 7 miles (11 km) north of Thame, Oxfordshire.
The toponym is derived from the Old English for "farm near a wood". It is recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of AD 848 as Wudotun and in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Oltone. The affix "Underwood" was added later to distinguish the village from other places also called Wotton. The affix means "near the wood" and refers to the village's nearness to the ancient Bernwood Forest.[3]
The present manor house in the village, Wotton House, dates from the early eighteenth century, but has been much altered since, notably by John Soane in the 1820s. The former stables, now called South Pavilion, was the home of actor John Gielgud; it was bought by Tony and Cherie Blair for £4m, in 2008.[4]
The parish church of All Saints is a Grade II* listed building, with parts dating from the 12th century: it was largely rebuilt in 1867 by G. E. Street for the Duke of Buckingham. The South aisle contains several monuments to members of the Grenville family, who were lords of the manor from the 12th to the 18th century. There are also monuments to Richard, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (d. 1889), and his wife Caroline, Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos (d. 1874).
All Saints's Church is a member of the Bernwode Benefice of the Church of England, which covers Wotton Underwood, along with the village parishes of Ashendon, Boarstall, Brill, Chilton, Dorton, and Ludgershall. [5]
The Brill Tramway, originally known as the Wotton Tramway and, from 1899, part of the Metropolitan Railway, which served the area, had a station named Wotton which closed in 1935 with the rest of the line.[6]
グレート・セントラル鉄道はグレンドン・アンダーウッドからプリンセス・リスバラまでの路線を建設し、 1906年にウォットンに駅を開設したが、この駅は1953年に閉鎖された。[ 7 ]
この教区はチルターン丘陵の外側の、中程度の高さの崖の上にあり、一般的に水源に囲まれた不規則な形をしている。南側にはアシェンドンを縁取る細長い突出部がある。2つの小川がこの地域のすぐ外側に源を発し、南中央部に西と東から流れ込み、その後北に流れる。比較的小さな面積と低い人口自体が囲い込み法によって縮小された（ウォットン・ハウスを参照）。1821年には人口が344人に達したが、それ以降はそれを超えていない。[ 8 ]それ以外は森林や湖がないが、西側には2つの湖とウォットン・ハウスによって整備された森林地帯であるウォーレンズがある。家屋の数は1951年の73軒から10年後には42軒に減少した。[ 9 ]
ウィキメディア・コモンズにあるウォットン・アンダーウッド関連のメディア