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 Bull at the Moscow breeding cattle exhibition, 1896 | |
| Conservation status | |
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| Other names |
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| Country of origin | western Mongolia, southern Altai |
| Distribution |
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| Use | Livestock |
| Traits | |
| Weight |
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| Height |
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| Coat | red of various shades; white markings on head, belly and legs; pale muzzle |
| Horn status | horned; short, upward pointing |
| Notes | |
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Kalmyk cattle (Russian: Калмыцкая, Kalmytskaya) is a breed of beef cattle of the former Soviet Union, now found in the Russian Federation, in Kazakhstan and in Tajikistan.[4][3] It is believed to have originated in Dzungaria, and to have been brought into south-eastern Russia by migrating Kalmyks in the seventeenth century.
History
It is believed that the Kalmyk originated in Dzungaria, and was brought into south-eastern Russia by migrating Kalmyks in the seventeenth century.[5]: 214
In 1980 the total population of the breed in the Soviet Union was estimated at 381000, of which 217000 were purebred.[6]: 3 In 2023 the Kalmyk was reported to DAD-IS by the Russian Federation, and by Kazakhstan and Tajikistan; no population data was reported, and the conservation status of the breed in those countries was 'unknown'.[3]
Characteristics
The Kalmyk is compact and of medium size: the average bodyweight for cows is 430 kg, for bulls 720 kg; average heights are 126 cm and 135 cm respectively.[4] The coat is red, in varying shades, with white markings to the head, belly, and legs. The head is small, with a long face and short horns.[6]: 83
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kalmyk (cattle).
- ^ Barbara Rischkowsky、Dafydd Pilling（編集者）（2007年）。動物遺伝資源の世界データバンクに記載されている品種のリスト、 「食料と農業のための世界の動物遺伝資源の現状」の付録。ローマ：食料農業遺伝資源委員会、国連食糧農業機関。ISBN 9789251057629。 2020年6月23日アーカイブ。
- ^ 品種データシート：カルミツカヤ/ロシア連邦（牛）。国連食糧農業機関の家畜多様性情報システム。2023年5月にアクセス。
- ^ abc 国境を越えた品種：カルムイク人。国連食糧農業機関の家畜多様性情報システム。2023年5月にアクセス。
- ^ ab 品種の説明: カルムイク。ハノーバー獣医学部動物育種遺伝学科。2007年10月15日アーカイブ。
- ^ Valerie Porter、Lawrence Alderson、Stephen JG Hall、D . Phillip Sponenberg (2016)。Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (第6版)。Wallingford: CABI。ISBN 9781780647944。
- ^ ab NG Dmitriev, LK Ernst (1989). ソ連の動物遺伝資源。FAO動物生産と健康に関する論文65。ローマ：国連食糧農業機関。ISBN 9251025827 。2009年11月13日アーカイブ。こちらからも閲覧可能（2017年9月29日アーカイブ）。