In the third period (3 December 1944 – 26 December 1944), the 3rd Ukrainian Front of Fyodor Tolbukhin reached the Danube river after liberating Belgrade, and thus greatly enhanced Soviet offensive power in Hungary. Now with adequate forces, the Soviet fronts launched a two-pronged attack north and south of Budapest, finally encircling the city and trapping about 79,000 German and Hungarian troops inside the Budapest pocket.[11]
The fourth period (1 January 1945 – 26 January 1945) was marked by a series of strong counter-offensives launched by German reinforcements in an attempt to relieve the siege of Budapest. Some German units managed to penetrate deep into the outskirts of the city, with the most successful ones only 25km away from the Hungarian capital. However, the Soviets managed to withstand all the German attacks and maintain their encirclement.
Finally, in the fifth period (27 January 1945 – 13 February 1945), the Soviets mustered their forces to eliminate the besieged defenders in the city. The German troops fought for about half a month more before surrendering on 13 February 1945, ending four months of bloody fighting in the Budapest area. Out of the estimated 79,000 defenders, fewer than 1,000 managed to avoid death or captivity.
After the Budapest offensive, the main forces of Army Group South virtually collapsed. The road to Vienna, Czechoslovakia and the southern border of Germany was widely open for the Soviets and their allies.[9]
According to Soviet claims, the Germans and Hungarians in Budapest lost 49,000 dead soldiers, with 110,000 captured and 269 tanks destroyed.[12]
Aftermath
As most of the German forces in the region were destroyed, troops were rushed in from the Western Front and, in March, the Germans launched the ill-fated Operation Spring Awakening (Unternehmen Frühlingserwachen) in the Lake Balaton area. The expansive goals of this operation were to protect one of the last oil producing regions available to the Axis and to retake Budapest. Neither goal was achieved.
1 2 Самсонов、Александр Михайлович Крах фалистской агрессии 1939-1945。 — М.: Наука、1980. (ロシア語)
↑ Минасян、М。 M. Освобождение Юго-Восточной и Центральной Европы войсками 2-го и 3-го Украинских фронтов 1944-1945。 Издательство「Наука」、Москва、1970年。(ロシア語)
↑ "Наза Победа. День за днем - проект РИА Новости" . 2011 年 7 月 27 日にオリジナルからアーカイブされました。2010 年 6 月 20 日に取得。
さらに読む
カール・ハインツ・フリーザー;シュミダー、クラウス。シェーンヘル、クラウス。シュライバー、ゲルハルト。Ungváry, クリスチャン;ウェグナー、ベルント (2007)。Die Ostfront 1943/44 – Der Krieg im Osten und an den Nebenfronten [東部戦線 1943–1944: 東部および近隣戦線での戦争] (ドイツ語)。 Vol. Ⅷ.ミュンヘン: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt。ISBN978-3-421-06235-2。{{cite book}}:|work=無視されました (ヘルプ)