
英国の大学の紋章は、英国の大学の紋章を集めたものである。現代の大学の紋章は15世紀中ごろにイングランドで現れ始め、オックスフォード大学の紋章は14世紀末ごろに採用された世界最古の大学紋章であると考えられる。[1]大学紋章が授与された最も古い例は、 1449年にヘンリー6世によってケンブリッジ大学キングス・カレッジに授与されたものである。[2] [3] [4]紋章は紋章院[5]とリヨン裁判所によって授与される。新しい大学は、より伝統的または正統的に見えるよう紋章を登録することが示唆されている。[6]法人として、古い大学の紋章は歴史的に紋章なしで授与されてきたが、古い大学の新しいカレッジを含む新しい機関はマント付きの紋章を使用している。[7] [8] [9]大学に授与された最初の紋章は1905年のリーズ大学であり、サポーターを授与された最初の英国の大学は1962年のサセックス大学であったが、オックスフォード大学とケンブリッジ大学はどちらもサポーターとして天使を使用しており、ケンブリッジ大学はこれらの要素が正式に授与されていないにもかかわらず「母校」のエンブレムを紋章として使用した。[10]
大学やカレッジの紋章には、創設者や地元当局の紋章が取り入れられているか、単にコピーされていることが多い。[2] [3] [11]カレッジ制大学では、構成カレッジがケンブリッジ大学やオックスフォード大学のように独自の紋章を持つことがある。[2] [3]古い紋章の多くは、アーサー・チャールズ・フォックス=デイヴィスが1915年に著した「The Book of Public Arms」に記録されており、これには構成カレッジの紋章もいくつか記録されている。[12]また、ジョン・ウッドワードは1894年に著した「A Treatise on Ecclesiastical Heraldry」にも記録されている。 [13]ほとんどの大学のモットーは紋章とともに授与されるのではなく、機関の慣習によって追加されるが、インペリアル・カレッジ・ロンドンの紋章は例外である。[14]イギリスからの独立前に存在していたアイルランドの大学には、他のイギリスの大学に倣って紋章が授与された。[15]これらは以下に別途記載されている。
開かれた本(歴史的にはキリスト教の聖書を指す)は、「知恵」、「知識」、「学問」の象徴として多くの紋章に共通しています。太陽、燃える松明、または啓蒙を表すランプは、成長を象徴する麦の束や知恵を表すフクロウと同様に、よく描かれています。激しい努力を表すマーブルが時々見られます。交差した鍵、一対の鍵、または獣が持つ単一の鍵の形をした鍵も、いくつかの大学の紋章に共通しています。鍵は天国へのアクセスを表し、教育を通じてもたらされるより偉大なものへのアクセスを象徴しています。
英国のすべての大学に紋章があるわけではありません。かつての美術学校やデザイン学校 (現在は芸術大学) の中には、紋章のない大学もあります。
ボーンマス芸術大学、プリマス芸術大学、リーズ芸術大学、ノーリッチ芸術大学、ロンドン・レイブンズボーン大学。
さらに、以下のものも非紋章性です。
アーデン大学、バース・スパ大学、BPP大学、オックスフォード・ブルックス大学、リージェンツ・ユニバーシティ・ロンドン、ベッドフォードシャー大学、ブライトン大学、ユニバーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン、ローハンプトン大学(ただし、カレッジのうち2つは紋章付き)、ウェスト・ロンドン大学。
以下の画像は、紋章院またはリヨン宮廷によって授与された盾形の紋章(エスカッシャン)または「完全な紋章の達成」のいずれかです。一部の紋章は、特に大学内のカレッジやホールの場合、創設者または後援者から取られた推定紋章である可能性があります。 [16]
大学の紋章
19世紀の大学
1980年代の大学
21世紀の大学
構成機関の武器
ケンブリッジのカレッジ
ダーラム大学
ランカスターカレッジ
マンチェスターホール
ノッティンガムキャンパス
オックスフォードのカレッジとホール
Roehampton colleges
UCL school
West London colleges
Former universities
Universities formerly within the United Kingdom
Former constituent institutions
See also
- Armorial of UK schools
- Heraldry
- List of universities in the United Kingdom
- Universities in the United Kingdom
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