Lithium disilicate

Lithium disilicate
Names
	IUPAC name Lithium disilicate
Identifiers
CAS Number	66402-68-4;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
EC Number	266-340-9;
PubChem CID	101943115;
	InChI InChI=1S/2Li.O5Si2/c;;1-6(2)5-7(3)4/q2*+1;-2 Key: WVMPCBWWBLZKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si](=O)[O-];
Properties
Chemical formula	Li2O5Si2
Molar mass	150.04 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Lithium disilicate (Li₂Si₂O₅) is a chemical compound that is a glass ceramic. It is widely used as a dental ceramic due to its strength, machinability and translucency.

Use

Lithium disilicate has found applications in dentistry as a dental ceramic material for dental restorations such as crowns, bridges, and veneers in the form of Li₂Si₂O₅. Lithium disilicate has an unusual microstructure that consists of many randomly oriented small and interlocking plate-like needle-like crystals. This structure causes cracks to be deflected, blunted, and/or to branch, which prevents cracks from growing.^[2] Lithium disilicate has a biaxial flexible strength in the range of 360 MPa to 400 MPa; in comparison, for metal ceramics this is around 80 to 100 MPa, for veneered zirconia it is approximately 100 MPa, and for leucite glass ceramic it is approximately 150 to 160 MPa. It has high hardness (5.92 +/- 0.18 GPa) and fracture toughness (3.3 +/- 0.14 MPa m^1/2). In addition, it can be made to have an appearance that very closely resembles that of natural human teeth.

Lithium disilicate is also used as a non-conductive seal, enamel or feed-through insulator in nickel superalloys or stainless steel, as it has a high thermal expansion.^[3]^[4]

References

^ Ivoclar Vivadent AG (8 November 2012). "Safety data sheet" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2020.
^ Shenoy A, Shenoy N (2010). "Dental ceramics: An update". J Conserv Dent. 13 (4): 195–203. doi:10.4103/0972-0707.73379. PMC 3010023. PMID 21217946.
^ Holand, Wolfram; Beall, George H. (2019). Glass-Ceramic Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-42369-0.
^ Dai, Steve (September 2015). "Reduction-oxidation Enabled Glass-ceramics to Stainless Steel Bonding Part I: screening of doping oxidants". Sandia Journal Manuscript; Not Yet Accepted for Publication. OSTI. Retrieved 2 March 2020.

[1] Ivoclar Vivadent AG (8 November 2012). "Safety data sheet" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2020.

[pmid21217946-2] Shenoy A, Shenoy N (2010). "Dental ceramics: An update". J Conserv Dent. 13 (4): 195–203. doi:10.4103/0972-0707.73379. PMC 3010023. PMID 21217946.

[3] Holand, Wolfram; Beall, George H. (2019). Glass-Ceramic Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-42369-0.

[4] Dai, Steve (September 2015). "Reduction-oxidation Enabled Glass-ceramics to Stainless Steel Bonding Part I: screening of doping oxidants". Sandia Journal Manuscript; Not Yet Accepted for Publication. OSTI. Retrieved 2 March 2020.