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ヨアン・ジョージ（洗礼名ヨハン・ジョージ）ホルツヘイ（1726年8月14日、アムステルダム- 1808年2月20日、アムステルダム）は、 18世紀のオランダ共和国のメダル彫刻家であり造幣局長であった。
オランダ美術史研究所（RKD）によると、彼はヘルダーラント州とミデルブルフ州の造幣局長マルティン・ホルツヘイの息子であった。[ 2 ]彼は1749年に父が「ムントメースター」（造幣局長）の職を引き継いだ際に、アムステルダムで父の工房を引き継いだ。[ 2 ]彼はユトレヒト造幣局の造幣局長となり、メダル彫刻家のダヴィッド・ファン・デル・ケレンとヘンドリック・ラーゲマンの師となった。[ 2 ]
He made a name for himself designing and striking medals for Dutch honorary societies, and kept the medal dies for these societies, striking medals on request and engraving the names of the prize winners himself. On his death the dies were often purchased back at great expense by the societies. The Teylers Stichting (English: Teylers Foundation) had him design a prize medal in 1778 that is still used. At 1000 guilders the manufacture of the steel dies on which the medals were struck was costly -a consequence of the size of the medals, which matched the ambitions of the new Foundation.[3] Another receipt in the archive of Teylers Stichting testifies to the great care Holtzhey took when sending the medals, which were securely packed in wool to protect them from shaking.[3] After Holtzhey's death the Foundation purchased the dies for the Teylers prize medal from the Holtzhey estate for 100 guilders.[4]
In 1782 Holtzhey designed two medals for John Adams, one to celebrate the Dutch acknowledgement of the independence of the Thirteen Colonies on April 19, 1782, and one to celebrate the trade treaty with the Netherlands on October 8, 1782.[5] The face of the medal celebrating independence is in the collection of the Teylers Museum and declares “Libera Soror,” or “A Free Sister,” and depicts the Netherlands Maiden on the left as an armed woman and the United States on the right as a Native American woman. Holland uses a staff to place a Phrygian cap upon America's head, while America holds a shield bearing thirteen stars and rests a foot upon the head of a chained lion (representing England). The reverse shows the unicorn of the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, prostrate with its horn broken against a rock cliff. The inscription reads, “Tyrannis virtute repulsa / sub Galliae auspiciis,” which translates to “Tyranny repelled by valor / under the auspices of France”,[6]
Though Adams wrote ironically to his wife Abigail of the Dutch love for medals as a method of celebrating events, he wrote very respectfully to Holtzhey himself and thanked him for his work and explanation of the designs.[7]
ホルツヘイは父とともに1755年に73枚の歴史的メダルの目録『Catalogus der Medailles en Gedenkpenningen, betrekking hebbende op de voornaamste historien der vereenigde Nederlanden, Amst. 1755』を執筆したが、残念ながら完全なものではなく、メダルに関するいくつかの書籍で引用されている。[ 8 ]彼は2度結婚したが子供はおらず、ユトレヒトの造幣局長は弟子のダヴィッド・ファン・デル・ケレン・シニアが引き継ぎ、記念日や人気のあるイベントのために歴史的メダルを鋳造するという伝統を継承した。1809年、彼のコレクションはオークションで4000ギルダーで売却された。[ 8 ]
