Evelyn Riggs Dewey (March 5, 1889[1]– March 12, 1965) was an American education reformer and social activist and author of several books on education. Prior to her education work, she was involved in the Women's Trade Union League, particularly concerning the New York shirtwaist strike of 1909. She was the daughter of the philosopher, psychologist, and education reformer John Dewey and the educator Alice Chipman Dewey.
Dewey was born in 1889, the second of six children born to the educationalists John Dewey and Alice Chipman Dewey.[2][3] In 1909, she was studying at Barnard College, New York City, during the time she was involved in the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL) and supported the New York shirtwaist strike of 1909.
Evelyn traveled in Europe with her parents, visiting Montessori schools, and in the winter of 1914, she and her parents met Maria Montessori, to whom they were introduced by Evelyn's college roommate, the Montessori teacher Margaret Naumburg.[4] While satisfied by what they saw at the schools, neither Evelyn nor her mother seemed impressed by Montessori herself.[4] It was following this visit, and the visit of her father and adopted brother, Sabino, to the Marietta Johnson School of Organic Education, that Evelyn and John Dewey decided on a survey of experimental schools in the US, such as those run by William Wirt in Gary, Indiana.[2] This was published in 1915 as Schools of To-morrow, one of the key texts of educational reform.[2] Evelyn was probably responsible for the descriptive chapters in Schools of To-morrow, in which the phrase 'learning by doing' is first used to describe the educational approach taken in some of the schools that the Deweys admired.[5]
『明日の学校』の出版の頃、エヴリン・デューイはニューヨーク市公立教育協会(PEA)心理調査でIQテストの実施者として働き始め、ルーシー・スプラーグ・ミッチェルの下でWTULの支援者の一人として活動した。[ 2 ] 1916年、スプラーグ・ミッチェル、キャロライン・プラット、ハリエット・メリル・ジョンソンは教育実験局(BEE)を設立し、エヴリン・デューイはその創設メンバー12人のうちの1人となった。[ 2 ] BEEで、デューイは農村部の学校を改修したり、学校農場を運営したりする実験を行い、その成果を1920年の著書『古い学校のための新しい学校』にまとめた。[ 6 ]
デューイは1919年にBEEを辞め、両親の『中国と日本からの手紙』の編集に取り組んだ。[ 2 ] [ 7 ] 1932年にグランビル・スミス・ジュニアと結婚し、1920年代と30年代には旧姓で教育に関する講演や執筆を続けた。[ 2 ]彼女は1965年に亡くなった。
{{cite book}}: ISBN / 日付の不一致 (ヘルプ) [ 14 ]