The Orchard (company)

Orchard Enterprises NY, Inc.,^[2]doing business asThe Orchard, is a global music distribution and artist services company^[3][4][5] headquartered in New York City. The world's largest independent music distributor,^[6][7] it specializes in the global distribution of independent music. In addition to digital and physical distribution, it provides marketing and advertising, publishing administration, rights management and royalty accounting, video monetization, data analytics, sync licensing, e-commerce, and other services.^[8] It is the U.S. market leader among distribution companies, with an 8.9% market share.^[9] It is a division of Sony Music Entertainment, which acquired The Orchard in a series of transactions between 2012 and 2015.^[10][11]

The Orchard was founded in 1997 by Richard Gottehrer and Scott Cohen in New York City,^[12] as a distributor of independent music (then in the form of physical product) to online music stores. The company was a major early player in the shift to digital music distribution when it licensed a catalog of about 150,000 titles to iTunes at the launch of Apple's music platform.^[13]

In early 2003, the Orchard was bought by Dimensional Associates. Danny Stein, the CEO of Dimensional Associates, was appointed Executive Chairman,^[14] and Greg Scholl left management consulting firm McKinsey & Company to become The Orchard's CEO,^[15] changing its strategy and operating model and building a new management team. In 2009, Scholl accepted a position as president, Local Integrated Media at NBCUniversal^[16] and Brad Navin was appointed CEO.^[17]

In 2012, Sony acquired a majority stake of 51% in the company in a cash and equity deal with an estimated total valuation of $100 million.^[18] In 2015, the remaining equity in the company was acquired by Sony Music Entertainment for over $200 million.^[18]

IODA

IODA（Independent Online Distribution Alliance）は、ソニーが過半数の株式を保有するグローバルな販売、マーケティング、流通会社でした。この子会社は、デジタルおよびモバイルの配信チャネルで独立系アーティスト、レーベル、映画製作者、その他のコンテンツプロバイダーにサービスを提供し、オンラインコンテンツの著作権主張も行っていました。^{[ 19 ]} IODAは、 iTunes、eMusic、Rhapsody、Amazon.comなどの主要なモバイルおよびオンラインダウンロード小売業者と関係がありました。

2009年7月1日、ソニー・ミュージックエンタテインメントとIODAは、独立系レーベルや音楽権利者を支援するために、統合された世界的なオンライン小売流通ネットワークと補完的なテクノロジーを活用するグローバル戦略パートナーシップを発表しました。^{[ 20 ] [ 21 ]}

2012年3月5日、ソニーはIODAの残りの株式を取得した。同社の事業はオーチャードと統合された。^{[ 22 ] [ 23 ]}

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