Rhinodermatidae(Bonaparte, 1850) – Darwin's frogs or mouth-brooding frogs (3 species)
Telmatobiidae(Fitzinger, 1843) – water frogs (63 species)
Phylogenetic relationships
Anurans all share a number of morphological characteristics, so researchers have had to use DNA testing to understand their relationships. ML and Bayesian analyses using a nuclear marker toolkit have resolved some of the relations of the anurans in Hyloidea. 53 out of the 55 previously established nodes on the phylogenetic tree were supported by this DNA testing.[2] Analysis supports the Hyloidea being the sister group to the Australobatrachia, a clade of frogs containing species in Chile, Australia, and New Guinea. The common ancestor of both groups inhabited South America during the Early Cretaceous.[7]
Shared characteristics
Hyloidea is the largest superfamily of anurans due to scientists placing frogs into this family when the relationships to others are unknown.[2] Therefore, Hyloidea has the highest species diversity. Hyloidea are all tailless, have shortened bodies, large mouths and muscular hind legs. Most anurans in the superfamily have a lateral‐bender which is a type of pelvis morphology found in walking, hopping and burrowing frogs. Some species that appear later in the taxon have a sagittal‐hinge pelvis found in aquatic frogs as well as walking, hopping and burrowing frogs and some have a fore–aft slider pelvis found in terrestrial frogs.[8] Hyloidea anurans lack ribs, have complex mouthparts, and their pectoral girdle can be arciferal or firmisternal.[9] They reproduce via axillary amplexus, and their larvae usually have a single spiracle. The average snout-vent length (SVL) of Hyloidea species vary widely, from 10 mm in one species of Diasporus to 320 mm in female Calyptocephalella gayi.[10]
1 2 3 Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-06-28). "系統ゲノム解析により、白亜紀-古第三紀境界におけるゴンドワナ大陸のカエルの3つの主要な系統群の急速かつ同時的な多様化が明らかになった" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 114 (29): E5864– E5870. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1704632114 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 5530686 . PMID 28673970 .
↑ Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-07-18). "系統ゲノム解析により、白亜紀-古第三紀境界におけるゴンドワナ大陸のカエルの3つの主要な系統群の急速かつ同時的な多様化が明らかになった" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 114 (29): E5864– E5870. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1704632114 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 5530686 . PMID 28673970 .
↑ Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-07-18). "系統ゲノム解析により、白亜紀-古第三紀境界におけるゴンドワナ大陸のカエルの3つの主要な系統群の急速かつ同時的な多様化が明らかになった" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 114 (29): E5864– E5870. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1704632114 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 5530686 . PMID 28673970 .
↑ Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-07-18). "系統ゲノム解析により、白亜紀-古第三紀境界におけるゴンドワナ大陸のカエルの3つの主要な系統群の急速かつ同時的な多様化が明らかになった" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 114 (29): E5864– E5870. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1704632114 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 5530686 . PMID 28673970 .
↑ Jorgensen, ME; Reilly, SM (2013-05-01). "カエルの運動様式に関連した骨格形態計測と骨盤形質の系統発生パターン" . Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 26 (5): 929– 943. doi : 10.1111/jeb.12128 . ISSN 1420-9101 . PMID 23510149 .