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Whatcom Peak (7,574 feet (2,309 m)) is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington.[3] Whatcom Peak is .50 mi (0.80 km) north of Challenger Glacier and the Whatcom Glacier descends from the northeast slopes of the peak. An unnamed hanging glacier descends along the northwest flank of the peak.[4] This mountain is set between Mount Challenger and Easy Peak.
Whatcom Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America.[5] Most weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades. As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall.[5] Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger.[6] Due to its temperate climate and proximity to the Pacific Ocean, areas west of the Cascade Crest very rarely experience temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) or above 80 °F (27 °C).[5] During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.[6]
The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.
カスケード山脈の形成の歴史は、数百万年前の後期始新世にまで遡ります。[ 7 ]北アメリカプレートが太平洋プレートの上に乗り上げていたため、火山活動が断続的に発生しました。[ 7 ]さらに、テレーンと呼ばれる海洋および大陸リソスフェアの小さな断片が、約5000万年前にノースカスケード山脈を形成しました。 [ 7 ]
200万年以上前の更新世には、氷河の前進と後退が繰り返され、地形を削り取り、岩屑の堆積物を残しました。 [ 7 ]河川の谷のU字型の断面は、最近の氷河作用の結果です。隆起と断層運動が氷河作用と組み合わさって、ノースカスケード地域の高い山頂と深い谷を形成した主要なプロセスとなっています。
