Skyline Caverns

Skyline Caverns
Skyline Caverns シェナンドー渓谷の地図を表示 Skyline Caverns バージニア州の地図を表示 Skyline Caverns アメリカ合衆国の地図を表示
Type	Natural area
Coordinates	38°53′59″N 78°12′58″W / 38.89960°N 78.21614°W / 38.89960; -78.21614
Created	1939 （1939年）

Skyline Caverns is a series of geologic caves and a tourist attraction located in Warren County, Virginia, one mile (1.6 km) south of Front Royal.^[1] The caverns were discovered by Walter S. Amos, a retired geologist and mineralogist from Winchester, Virginia, on December 17, 1937. Skyline Caverns is open year-round, offering guided tours through the caverns.

Walter S. Amos was contracted by several private and government agencies to search for caves and caverns to open in conjunction with Skyline Drive. During his search, he came across a sinkhole that was located approximately where the parking lot is currently situated. Normally, sinkholes are formed by the collapsing of a cavern roof, which takes the ground above with it. When he saw there was no water in the sinkhole, which meant there had to be a drain nearby, he believed he had discovered a cavern.

Knowing this, Amos began to search the edges for some opening to the possible cave system below. He found this opening on the lip of the sinkhole by noticing a small colony of camel crickets (which only live in damp, dark areas by nature) under a small ledge.

Upon digging out the first "room" of the caverns, he came into a large system of connected rooms, most of which were navigable and cleared from all obstructions. Ninety percent of the caverns were naturally accessible and other than the entrance area, only ten percent needed to be dug out. However, the cavern floor was lined with approximately 14 inches (360 mm) of mud and clay, which had to be cleared before the caverns could be opened to the public on April 13, 1939. The use of scientific analysis makes the discovery of Skyline Caverns extremely unusual.^[2]

The caverns are estimated to be approximately 50 to 60 million years old.^[2]

During the clearing of this mud, Amos and his men discovered another area in the caverns that had been blocked for many years, by a large amount of mud. Upon clearing the newly discovered area, the geologist discovered anthodites. Anthodites are an unusual form of crystal, or perfect six-sided crystalline structures made of pure calcite. These crystals are protected by Virginia State Law and are kept behind closed doors that a tour guide must open for the public to view them.

現在では、ガイド付きツアー（セルフガイドツアーとは対照的に）は、クリスマスの日を含め、年間を通じて行われています。ツアーは15～20分ごとに出発し、約1時間で約1000平方メートルの敷地を巡ります。+1.8 km ( 1⁄8マイル) 歩き、地下 260 フィート (79 m) の深さまで到達します。ツアーでは洞窟の約 20 パーセントを巡りますが、残りの 80 パーセントは観光客が立ち入ることができません。ツアーで見られる洞窟の形成物には、鍾乳石、石筍、柱、フローストーン、アンソダイト、アラゴナイトなどがあります。スカイライン洞窟には 5 つの流れがあり、そのうち 3 つをツアーで見ることができます。

その他のアトラクションとしては、ミニチュア列車の乗車や鏡の迷路などがあります。^{[3] [4]}

ウィキメディア・コモンズには、スカイライン洞窟に関連するメディアがあります。

• 公式サイト