1 2 3 4 Malloch, JR (1930). "Ortalidae" . Diptera . Insects of Samoa and Other Samoan Terrestrial Arthropoda. Vol. 6. London: Trustees of the British Museum. pp. 218–219 .
1 2 Steyskal, George C. (1952). "オーストラリア地域のUlidiinae (双翅目、Otitidae)" (PDF) . Occasional Papers of Bernice P. Bishop Museum . 20 (15): 279, 283.